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Triethanolamine

Triethanolamine
Skeletal formula of triethanolamine
Ball-and-stick model of the triethanolamine molecule
Colorless liquid in a stoppered glass bottle
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
2,2',2''-Nitrilotri(ethan-1-ol)
Other names
  • 2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol
  • Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
  • Triethylolamine
  • 2,2′,2″-Trihydroxytriethylamine
  • Trolamine
  • TEA
  • TEOA
Identifiers
102-71-6 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
3DMet B01049
1699263
ChEBI CHEBI:28621 YesY
ChEMBL ChEMBL446061 YesY
ChemSpider 13835630 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.002.773
EC Number 203-049-8
KEGG D00215 YesY
MeSH Biafine
PubChem 7618
RTECS number KL9275000
UNII 9O3K93S3TK YesY
Properties
C6H15NO3
Molar mass 149.19 g·mol−1
Appearance Colourless liquid
Odor Ammoniacal
Density 1.124 g mL−1
Melting point 21.60 °C; 70.88 °F; 294.75 K
Boiling point 335.40 °C; 635.72 °F; 608.55 K
149 g L−1 (at 20 °C)
log P −0.988
Vapor pressure 1 Pa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa) 7.74
UV-vis (λmax) 280 nm
1.485
Thermochemistry
389 J K−1 mol−1
−665.7 – −662.7 kJ mol−1
−3.8421 – −3.8391 MJ mol−1
Pharmacology
D03AX12 (WHO)
Hazards
Safety data sheet hazard.com
GHS pictograms The exclamation-mark pictogram in the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)
GHS signal word WARNING
H319
P305+351+338
Irritant Xi
R-phrases R36/37/38
S-phrases S26
NFPA 704
Flammability code 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g., canola oil Health code 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g., chloroform Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash point 179 °C (354 °F; 452 K)
325 °C (617 °F; 598 K)
Explosive limits 1.3–8.5%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
  • 2.2 g kg−1(oral, guinea pig)
  • 2.2 g kg−1(oral, rabbit)
  • 5.53 g kg−1(oral, rat)
  • 5.846 g kg−1(oral, mouse)
  • 22.5 g kg−1(dermal, rabbit)
Related compounds
Related alkanols
Related compounds
 Diethylhydroxylamine
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
YesY  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Triethanolamine, often abbreviated as TEA, is a viscous organic compound that is both a tertiary amine and a triol. A triol is a molecule with three alcohol groups. Triethanolamine is a strong base. Triethanolamine can also be abbreviated as TEOA, which can help to distinguish it from triethylamine. Approximately 150,000 tonnes were produced in 1999. It is a colourless compound although samples may appear yellow because of impurities.

Triethanolamine is produced from the reaction of ethylene oxide with aqueous ammonia, also produced are ethanolamine and diethanolamine. The ratio of the products can be controlled by changing the stoichiometry of the reactants.

Triethanolamine is used primarily as an emulsifier and surfactant. It is a common ingredient in formulations used for both industrial and consumer products. The triethanolamine neutralizes fatty acids, adjusts and buffers the pH, and solubilizes oils and other ingredients that are not completely soluble in water. Some common products in which triethanolamine is found are liquid laundry detergents, dishwashing liquids, general cleaners, hand sanitizers, polishes, metalworking fluids, paints, shaving cream and printing inks.


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