Triene

Polyenes are poly-unsaturated organic compounds that contain at least three alternating double and single carbon–carbon bonds. These carbon–carbon double bonds interact in a process known as conjugation resulting in some unusual optical properties. Related to polyenes are dienes, where there are only two alternating double and single bonds.

The following polyenes are used as antibiotics for humans: amphotericin B, nystatin, candicidin, pimaricin, methyl partricin, and trichomycin.

Some polyenes are brightly colored, an otherwise rare property for a hydrocarbon. Normally alkenes absorb in the ultraviolet region of a spectrum, but the absorption energy state of polyenes with numerous conjugated double bonds can be lowered such that they enter the visible region of the spectrum, resulting in compounds which are coloured. Thus many natural dyes contain linear polyenes, e.g. beta-carotene, which is responsible for the color of carrot]]s.

Polyenes tend to be more reactive than simpler alkenes. For example, polyene-containing triglycerides are reactive towards atmospheric oxygen. Polyacetylene, which partially oxidized or reduced, exhibits high electrical conductivity.

A few fatty acids are polyenes. Another class of impotent polyenes are polyene antimycotics,

Amphotericin B is an example of a polyene antifungal (antimycotic) agent.

Leukotriene A4 is a regulator of the immune response.

Retinal is the chemical basis of animal vision..

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