Transport in India

Transport is an important part of India's economy but it is poor in comparison with international standards. Since the economic liberalisation of the 1990s, infrastructure development has progressed rapidly; today there is a variety of modes of transport by land, water and air. However, India's relatively low GDP per capita has meant that access to transport has not been uniform. Also railways provide an extremely important way of getting around in India, transporting 18 million citizens every 24-hour experience.

Public transport remains the primary mode of transport for most of the livelihood in India, and India's public transport systems are among the most heavily used in the world.India's rail network is the 4th longest and the most heavily used system in the world, transporting 8,224 million passengers and over 969 million tonnes of freight annually, as of 2012.

Motor vehicle population in India is low by international standards, with only 24.85 million cars on the nation's roads as of 2013. The number of two-wheelers like motorcycle and scooter is considerably higher at 132.55 million. In total, about 21 per cent households have two wheelers whereas only 4.7 per cent of households in India have cars/jeeps/vans as per 2011 Census. Despite this, the number of deaths caused by traffic is amongst the highest in the world and is still increasing. The automobile industry in India is currently rapidly growing with an annual production of over 4.6 million vehicles, with an annual growth rate of 10.5% and vehicle volume is expected to rise greatly in the future.

In 2015-16, Government of India, declared 106 National Waterways (NW) under Inland Waterways Authority of India to reduce the cost of transportation and lower the carbon footprint by moving the traffic from surface roads and railroads to waterways.

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