Traian National College (Romanian: Colegiul Național Traian) is a high school located at 6 Carol I Boulevard in Drobeta-Turnu Severin, Romania.
The idea of a high school for Turnu Severin appeared in 1864, when the nascent Romanian state implemented an education reform; at the time, local students had to go to Craiova or elsewhere for high school. A normal school opened in 1877; it was named after the Roman emperor Trajan due to his association with the local Trajan's Bridge. Meanwhile, an apprentices' school was founded in 1872. The two institutions had shut down by 1883, when their furniture and books were used to establish a new gymnasium. The first years were difficult: the school was located in several rented buildings and in the old town hall; there were a maximum of four teachers for nearly 80 students.
A permanent building, designed by Alexandru Săvulescu, was approved in 1890. Prime Minister Gheorghe Manu attended the groundbreaking, alongside Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu, sent by the Education Ministry. Construction proceeded quickly, with the final touches made in late 1891. An attempt to rename the school after Neagoe Basarab was soon dropped.Theodor Costescu, who arrived in 1892, is considered the key figure in the school's early years. He was responsible for introducing a uniform in 1893 and opening a library in 1896. He also designed a garden with flowers and bushes brought from the Mühle House in Timișoara, Austria-Hungary; this was completed in 1899. He was dismissed as principal later that year after a change in government.King Carol I visited in 1897.