Toivo Kivimäki
| Toivo Mikael Kivimäki | |
|---|---|
 |
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| 13th Prime Minister of Finland | |
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In office 14 December 1932 – 7 October 1936 |
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| President | Pehr Evind Svinhufvud |
| Preceded by | Juho Sunila |
| Succeeded by | Kyösti Kallio |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 5 June 1886 Tarvasjoki, Finland |
| Died | 6 May 1968 (aged 81) |
| Political party | National Progressive Party |
Toivo Mikael Kivimäki (5 June 1886 – 6 May 1968), J.D., was head of the department of civil law at Helsinki University 1931–1956, Prime Minister of Finland 1932–1936, and Finland's Envoy to Berlin 1940–1944.
He was elected as member of the Parliament for terms 1922, 1924-1927 and 1929-1940. Before prime ministership, Kivimäki served as Minister of the Interior 1928-1929 and Minister of Justice 1931-1932.
In 1946, Kivimäki together with half-a-dozen other leading politicians were put on "war-responsibility trials" executed under pressure from the Allied victors in World War II. Kivimäki was sentenced to five years in prison after being found responsible for the Continuation War. After Finland signed the Paris Peace Treaties, 1947, and the Finno–Soviet Agreement of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance, 1948, the international situation was deemed somewhat stabilized, and Kivimäki was pardoned. He returned to his career in academia.
As with all politicians connected with the Continuation War, Kivimäki was for decades seen in a somewhat critical light. During the era of finlandization, many prominent Finns expressed themselves cautiously on such subjects in order not to disturb sensitive Allied victors of the war; a cautiousness that without doubt influenced Finland's post-war generation's understanding and views.
Several individuals and factors were critical for the Winter War and the Continuation War. Kivimäki without any doubt occupies a prominent position among pro-Axis Finnish leaders.
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