Tirat Tzvi
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Tirat Zvi טִירַת צְבִי |
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 Tirat Zvi
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| Coordinates: 32°25′18″N 35°31′28″E / 32.42167°N 35.52444°ECoordinates: 32°25′18″N 35°31′28″E / 32.42167°N 35.52444°E | |
| District | Northern |
| Council | Valley of Springs |
| Affiliation | Religious Kibbutz Movement |
| Founded | 30 June 1937 |
| Founded by | European immigrants |
| Population (2015) | 759 |
| Website | tiratzvi.org.il |
Tirat Zvi (Hebrew: טִירַת צְבִי, lit. Zvi Castle) is a religious kibbutz in the Beit She'an Valley, ten kilometers south of the city of Beit She'an, Israel, just west of the Jordan River and the Israel-Jordan border. It falls under the jurisdiction of Valley of Springs Regional Council. In 2015 it had a population of 759.
Tirat Zvi sits 220 meters below sea level. On 21 June 1942, it recorded the highest daytime temperature in Asia (54°C; 129.2°F), although the validity of this measurement has been questioned, and based on the published thermograph data it seems to have been closer to 53°C.
Tirat Zvi means Zvi's Fort. It was named after Rabbi Zvi Hirsch Kalischer (1795-1874), one of the fathers of the Zionist Movement and a leader of Hovevei Zion, while the tira or "fort" refers to a two-storey mud-brick structure purchased from the Arab landowner, Effendi Musa al-Almi.
The kibbutz was founded on 30 June 1937 as part of the settlement enterprise. The founders were Jews from Germany, Poland and Romania and came from three groups: Kvutzat Rodges near Petach Tikva, Kvutzat Shahal near Rehovot, and Kfar Yavetz. The group was named after the German village where the Religious Zionist Hakhshara centre (agricultural farm preparing youth for aliyah, or resettlement in Mandate Palestine) was located through which many of the founders of Tirat Zvi had passed. Kvutzat Shahal was named after the founder of the Mizrachi movement, Shmuel Chaim Landau (1892-1928), known by his Hebrew acronym "ShaChaL", or "lion".
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