Tibetan flag
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| Use | Civil and state flag, national ensign |
|---|---|
| Proportion | 5:8 |
| Adopted | 1916 |
| Design | Sun over a snowy mountain with the six rays each of red and blue with the yellow border on three sides. |
The Tibetan flag, also known as the "snow lion flag" (gangs seng dar cha), is the national flag of Tibet, adopted by the 13th Dalai Lama in 1916. Banned by the Chinese government since 1959, today the flag is used by the Tibetan Government in Exile, based in Dharamshala, India.
In February 1913, shortly after the fall of the Qing dynasty, the 13th Dalai Lama, Tibet's political and spiritual leader, declared independence from China and began modernizing the Tibetan army. In 1916, the new national flag was adopted by the Dalai Lama and all army regiments were ordered to carry the flag in its present form.
In addition to being carried by Tibet’s army, the flag was displayed on public buildings of the Ganden Phodrang government. Historical footage shows the flag flying at the foot of the Potala Palace, the site of the Dalai Lama’s government in Tibet. The snow lion motif was also used on a flag seen by English diplomat, Sir Eric Teichman, flying above a Tibetan government building during the 1917-1918 Sino-Tibetan War: “Over the Kalon Lama’s residence...floats the banner of Tibet, a yellow flag bearing a device like a lion in green, with a white snow mountain and a sun and moon in the corner."
Outside of Tibet, the flag was featured in publications by foreign governments, academic journals, and in politically and culturally significant works up until 1959. Born in 1912, the year of the Water-Mouse, Gyalten Namgyal was the tailor to both the 13th and 14th Dalai Lamas. He said, "When I was fourteen, the Dalai Lama decided he wanted a Tibetan national flag made, and designed it himself. When a prototype was approved and the first flag commissioned, I was the one to execute the work." Its first official international appearance was in a book published by the German Ministry of Defense's Naval Command, "Flaggenbuch," in 1926. Later it was featured in an official British Crown publication in 1930, "Drawing of The Flags of All Nations." It was also featured in National Geographic Magazine in their 1934 “Flags of the World” edition. The caption reads, "Tibet.- With its towering mountain of snow, before which stand two lions fighting for a flaming gem, the flag of Tibet is one of the most distinctive of the East." Beginning in 1928, images of the flag were also widely published by companies in Europe, North America, South America, the Middle East, and Oceania in national flag collections on various forms of trading cards.
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