Thrombolytic drug

Thrombolytic drugs are used in medicine to dissolve blood clots in a procedure termed thrombolysis. They limit the damage caused by the blockage (occlusion) of a blood vessel. Thrombolytic agents can be differentiated from fibrinolytic agents which only dissolve the fibrin while thrombolysis refers to the dissolution of the entire thrombus.

Thrombolytic agents are used for the treatment of myocardial infarction (heart attack),thromboembolic strokes, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism to clear a blocked artery or vein and avoid permanent damage to the perfused tissue (e.g. myocardium, brain, leg) and death. They may also be used to clear blocked catheters that are used in long-term medical therapy.

Thrombolytic therapy in hemorrhagic strokes is contraindicated, as its use in that situation would prolong bleeding into the intracranial space and cause further damage.

The thrombolytic drugs include:

These drugs are most effective if administered immediately after it has been determined they are clinically appropriate. The advantage of administration is highest within the first sixty minutes after a thrombotic event, but may extend up to six hours after the start of symptoms.

These drugs are often administered in combination with anticoagulant drugs such as intravenous heparin or low molecular weight heparin, for synergistic antithrombotic effects and secondary prevention.

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