Thomas Mann Randolph Jr.

Thomas Mann Randolph, Jr.
Portrait of Governor Randolph
21st Governor of Virginia
In office December 1, 1819 – December 1, 1822
Preceded by	James Patton Preston
Succeeded by	James Pleasants
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Virginia's 21st district
In office March 4, 1803 – March 3, 1807
Preceded by	District created
Succeeded by	Wilson C. Nicholas
Member of Virginia House of Delegates
In office 1819–1820 1823–1825
Member of the Virginia Senate
In office 1793–1794
Personal details
Born	(1768-10-01)October 1, 1768 Tuckahoe Plantation, Colony of Virginia, British America
Died	June 20, 1828(1828-06-20) (aged 59) Monticello, Virginia, U.S.
Political party	Democratic-Republican
Spouse(s)	Martha Jefferson
Children	12
Parents	Thomas Mann Randolph, Sr. Anne Cary
Alma mater	College of William and Mary, University of Edinburgh
Profession	Planter, soldier and politician

Thomas Mann Randolph Jr. (October 1, 1768 – June 20, 1828) was a planter, soldier, and politician from Virginia. He served as a member of both houses of the Virginia General Assembly, a Representative in the U.S. Congress, and as the 21st Governor of Virginia, from 1819–1822. He married Martha Jefferson, the oldest daughter of Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States. They had eleven children who survived childhood. As an adult, Randolph developed alcoholism, and he and his wife separated for some time before his death.

Thomas Mann Randolph, Jr. was born on October 1, 1768 at Tuckahoe Plantation in the Colony of Virginia. Thomas was the first son of Thomas Mann Randolph, Sr. (1741–1793) and Anne Cary Randolph (1745–1789). His siblings included older sister, Mary Randolph (1762–1828), author of The Virginia House-Wife (1824), and younger sister, Virginia Randolph Cary (1786–1852), author of Letters on Female Character (1828).

He was the grandson of Archibald Cary (1721–1787) and the great-grandson of Richard Randolph (c.1691–1749) and William Randolph (1650–1711). The Randolphs were among the First Families of Virginia. Randolph was a lineal descendant of Pocahontas through Richard Randolph.

Randolph received his early education from his mother and private tutors, as was customary in many planter families. He attended the College of William and Mary, in Williamsburg, Virginia, and the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, 1785–1788. Though he did not graduate, he continued to study on his own and became a respected botanist.