Thermoplasma volcanium
| Thermoplasma volcanium | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Archaea |
| Kingdom: | Euryarchaeota |
| Phylum: | Euryarchaeota |
| Class: | Thermoplasmata |
| Order: | Thermoplasmatales |
| Family: | Thermoplasmataceae |
| Genus: | Thermoplasma |
| Species: | T. volcanium |
| Binomial name | |
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Thermoplasma volcanium Segerer et al. 1988 |
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| Strain | |
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Thermoplasma volcanium is a moderate thermoacidophilic archaea isolated from acidic hydrothermal vents and solfatara fields. It contains no cell wall and is motile. It is a facultative anaerobic chemoorganoheterotroph. No previous phylogenetic classifications have been made for this organism.Thermoplasma volcanium reproduces asexually via binary fission and is nonpathogenic.
Thermoplasma volcanium was isolated from acidic hydrothermal vents off the shores of the beaches of Vulcano, Italy by Segerer et al. in 1988. Segerer et al. took 20 aerobic samples and 110 anaerobic samples from solfataric fields in Italy, Iceland, the United States, and Java, Indonesia. The collected samples from both aerobic and anaerobic environments contained multiple samples within the genus Thermoplasma, while rod-shaped eubacteria were only observed in aerobic samples. The pH at which they collected the samples was between 0.5-6.5, with the temperature ranging from 25 °C and 102 °C.Thermoplasma volcanium were cultivated at 57 °C via modified Darland medium (composed of 0.05% MgSO4, 0.02% (NH4)2SO4, 0.025% CaCl2*2H2O, and 0.1% yeast extract) with a reduced glucose concentration. Segerer et al. established both aerobic and anaerobic conditions to grow all possible microbes taken from the solfatara fields, depending on each microbe’s particular metabolic functioning. The medium was attached to an air cooler in a glycerol shaker for microbes utilizing aerobic respiration for metabolic processing. The anaerobic media contained trace amounts of sulfur with a 4:1 ratio of nitrogen and carbon dioxide gases. Within certain anaerobic samples, isolated microbes demonstrating similar morphology to known Thermoplasma microbes were observable after anywhere from 2 days to 3 weeks of growth. Additionally, these cultures also showed growth on aerobic medium.
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