Theresa Benedicta of Bavaria (Theresa Benedikta Maria; 6 December 1725 – 29 March 1743) was a German noblewoman and a Princess of Bavaria by birth.

Theresa Benedicta was the third child of Charles Albert, Elector of Bavaria and Holy Roman Emperor. Her mother, Maria Amalia, was an Archduchess of Austria by birth. Her maternal grand parents were Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Her paternal grand parents were Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria, and Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska, the daughter of the King of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, John III Sobieski. Theresa's mother, Archduchess Maria Amalia, was also a first cousin of Empress Maria Theresa.

Her mother gave birth to seven children, only four of whom lived through to adulthood. Theresa Benedicta's siblings included her brother Maximilian III, Elector of Bavaria, and two sisters Maria Antonia, Electress of Saxony, and Maria Anna Josepha, Margravine of Baden-Baden.

She died 29 March 1743, Frankfurt, at the age of only 17 years.

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