The Principal Upanishads
Cover of the 1994 edition
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| Author | Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan |
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| Language | English |
| Subject | Upanishads |
| Genre | Philosophy; Spirituality |
| Publisher | Allen & Unwin; Harper India; others |
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Publication date
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1953; 1994; others |
| Pages | 958 |
| ISBN | |
The Principal Upanishads is a 1953 book written by Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888–1975), then Vice President of India (and later President of India), about the main Upanishads, which carry central teachings of the Vedanta. Originally published in 1953 by Harper, the book has been republished several times.
All editions have had 958 pages and have used the same title, although the spelling of "Upanishads" has varied slightly between editions and their listing elsewhere (the retroflex "sh" has also been represented as "ṣ" or as "ṣh").
Radhakrishnan's The Principal Upanishads begins with a 129-page introduction, with the following 19 section headers:
General Influence; The Term 'Upaniṣad'; Number, Date and Authorship; The Upaniṣads as the Vedānta; Relation to the Vedas: The Ṛg Veda; The Yajur, the Sāma and the Atharva Vedas; The Brāhmanas; The Āranyakas; The Upaniṣads;
Ultimate Reality: Brahman; Ultimate Reality: Ātman; Brahman as Ātman; The Status of the World and the Doctrine of Māyā and Avidyā; The Individual Self; Knowledge and Ignorance; Ethics; Karma and Rebirth; Life Eternal; Religion.
The largest portion of the book (pp. 147–938) contains Sanskrit originals (in a romanized transliteration, rather than in Devanagari), plus verse-by-verse translations and commentaries on the following Upanishads, in this order:
1. Bṛhadāraṇyaka
2. Chāndogya
3. Aitareya
4. Taittirīya
5. Īṣa
6. Kena
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