The American Revolutionary War

American Revolutionary War

Clockwise: Surrender of Lord Cornwallis after the Siege of Yorktown, Battle of Trenton, The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker Hill, Battle of Long Island, Battle of Guilford Court House

Date	April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783 (8 years, 4 months and 15 days) Ratification effective: May 12, 1784 (9 years and 23 days)
Location	Eastern North America, Caribbean Sea, Indian subcontinent,Central America, Europe,Africa, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Indian Ocean
Result	American-Allied victory: Peace of Paris British recognition of American independence End of the First British Empire British retention of Canada and Gibraltar
Territorial changes	Great Britain cedes to the United States the area east of the Mississippi River and south of the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River Great Britain cedes East Florida, West Florida, and Menorca to Spain Great Britain cedes Tobago and Senegal to France Dutch Republic cedes Negapatnam to Great Britain

Belligerents

Thirteen Colonies
(before 1776)
United States
(after 1776)
Vermont Republic
French Empire
Spanish Empire

Co-belligerents:

Dutch Republic
Mysore

Native Americans:

Oneida
Tuscarora
Catawba
Lenape
Chickasaw
Choctaw
Mahican
Mi'kmaq
Abenaki
Cheraw
Seminole
Pee Dee
Lumbee
Watauga Association

British Empire
Hanover

German mercenaries:
Hesse-Kassel
Hesse-Hanau
Waldeck
Brunswick
Ansbach
Anhalt-Zerbst

Native Americans:

Onondaga
Mohawk
Cayuga
Seneca
Mi'kmaq
Cherokee
Odawa
Muscogee
Susquehannock
Shawnee

Commanders and leaders

George Washington
Thomas Chittenden
Louis XVI
Charles III

William V
Hyder Ali †
Tipu Sultan

full list...

George III
Lord North
Lord George Germain

full list...

Strength

United States:
Army & Militia:
40,000 (average)
200,000 (total served)
Navy:
5,000 sailors (peak 1779)
53 frigates and sloops (total served)
State Navies:
106 ships (total served)
Privateers:
55,000 sailors (total served)
1,697 ships

Allies:
Army:
63,000 French and Spanish (Gibraltar)
Navy:
146 ships-of-the-line (1782)

Native American Allies:

Unknown

Great Britain:
Army:
48,000 (America peak)
121,000 (global 1781)
7,500 (Gibraltar)
Navy:
94 ships-of-the-line (1782)
104 frigates (1781)
37 sloops (1781)
171,000 sailors

Loyalists:
25,000 (total served)

Hanoverians:
2,365 (total served)

German mercenaries:
29,875 (total served)

Native American Allies:

13,000

Casualties and losses

United States:
25,000–70,000 total dead
6,800 killed in battle
17,000 died of disease

France:
at least 7,000 dead
(2,112 in the United States)

Spain:
5,000 killed

Netherlands:
500 killed

Total: 37,000–82,500+ soldiers dead

Great Britain:
Army:
43,633 total dead
~9,372 killed in battle
27,000 died of disease
Navy:
1,243 killed in battle
18,500 died of disease (1776–1780)
42,000 deserted

Germans:
7,774 total dead
1,800 killed in battle
4,888 deserted

Loyalists:
5,300 total dead
1,700 killed in battle
3,600 died of disease (estimated)

Total: 76,500+ soldiers dead

American-Allied victory:

Thirteen Colonies
(before 1776)
United States
(after 1776)
Vermont Republic
French Empire
Spanish Empire

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