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Thăng Long

Hanoi
Hà Nội
Municipality
(from left) top: Long Biên Bridge, river near Perfume Pagoda; middle: Turtle Tower, bottom: Temple of Literature, Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, Hanoi Opera House
Official seal of Hanoi
Seal
Provincial location in Vietnam
Provincial location in Vietnam
Coordinates: 21°01′42.5″N 105°51′15.0″E / 21.028472°N 105.854167°E / 21.028472; 105.854167Coordinates: 21°01′42.5″N 105°51′15.0″E / 21.028472°N 105.854167°E / 21.028472; 105.854167
Country  Vietnam
Central city Hà Nội
Central district Hoan Kiem and Ba Dinh
Foundation as capital of the Đại Việt 1010
Establishment as capital of Vietnam September 2, 1945
Founded by Lý Thái Tổ
Demonym Hanoians
Government
 • Party's Secretary Hoàng Trung Hải
 • Chairman of People's Coucil Nguyễn Thị Bích Ngọc
 • Chairman of People's Committee Nguyễn Đức Chung
Area
 • Municipality 3,328.9 km2 (1,292 sq mi)
 • Urban 233.56 km2 (90.18 sq mi)
 • Metro 24,314.7 km2 (9,388.0 sq mi)
Population (2015)
 • Municipality 7,587,800
 • Rank 2nd in Vietnam
 • Density 2,300/km2 (5,900/sq mi)
 • Urban 3,435,394
 • Urban density 14,708.8/km2 (38,096/sq mi)
 • Metro 16,100,000
 • Metro density 662.1/km2 (1,715/sq mi)
GDP (nominal) (2015 estimate)
 • Total 26.5 billion USD
 • Per capita 3,425 USD
 • Growth Increase 8.25%
Time zone ICT (UTC+07:00)
 • Summer (DST) No DST (UTC+7)
Area codes 24
Website www.english.hanoi.gov.vn

Hanoi (/hæˈnɔɪ/ or US /həˈnɔɪ/; Vietnamese: Hà Nội [ha˨˩ noj˩]) is the capital of Vietnam and the country's second largest city. Its population in 2009 was estimated at 2.6 million for urban districts and 7 million for the metropolitan jurisdiction. The population in 2015 was estimated at 7.7 million people. From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam. It was eclipsed by Huế, the imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguyễn Dynasty (1802–1945), but Hanoi served as the capital of French Indochina from 1902 to 1954. From 1954 to 1976, it was the capital of North Vietnam, and it became the capital of a reunified Vietnam in 1976, after the North's victory in the Vietnam War.

The city lies on the right bank of the Red River. Hanoi is 1,760 km (1,090 mi) north of Ho Chi Minh City and 120 km (75 mi) west of Hai Phong city.

October 2010 officially marked 1000 years since the establishment of the city. The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a 4 km ceramic mosaic mural created to mark the occasion.


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