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Tetrabromoethane

Tetrabromoethane
Seletal formula of tetrabromoethane
Stereo, skeletal formula of tetrabromoethane with all explicit hydrogens added
Ball and stick model of tetrabromoethane
Spacefill model of tetrabromoethane
Names
IUPAC name
1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane
Other names
  • Acetylene tetrabromide
  • Muthmann's liquid
  • Tetrabromoacetylene
  • Symmetrical tetrabromoethane
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
Abbreviations TBE
1098321
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.083
EC Number 201-191-5
MeSH 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane
PubChem CID
RTECS number KI8225000
UN number 2504
Properties
C2H2Br4
Molar mass 345.65 g·mol−1
Appearance Colourless liquid
Density 2.967 g mL−1
Melting point −1.0 °C; 30.3 °F; 272.2 K
Boiling point 243.6 °C; 470.4 °F; 516.7 K
630 mg L−1 (at 20 °C)
Vapor pressure 10 Pa (at 20 °C)
-123.4·10−6 cm3/mol
1.637
Thermochemistry
165.7 J K−1 mol−1
Hazards
Safety data sheet hells-confetti.com
GHS pictograms The skull-and-crossbones pictogram in the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)
GHS signal word DANGER
H319, H330, H412
P260, P273, P284, P305+351+338, P310
NFPA 704
Flammability code 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g., canola oil Health code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gas Reactivity code 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g., calcium Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash point 97 °C (207 °F; 370 K)
335 °C (635 °F; 608 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
  • 1.2 g kg−1(oral, rat)
  • 5.25 g kg−1(dermal, rat)
  • 0.4 g/kg (oral, guinea pig)
  • 0.4 g/kg (oral, rabbit)
  • 0.269 g/kg (oral, mouse)
38 ppm (rat, 4 hr)
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 1 ppm (14 mg/m3)
REL (Recommended)
 None established
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 8 ppm
Related compounds
Related alkanes
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Tetrabromoethane (TBE) is a halogenated hydrocarbon, chemical formula C2H2Br4. Although three bromine atoms may bind to one of the carbon atoms creating 1,1,1,2-tetrabromoethane this is not thermodynamically favorable, so in practice tetrabromoethane is equal to 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane, where each carbon atom binds two bromine atoms.

It has an unusually high density for an organic compound, near 3 g/mL, due largely to the four bromine atoms. TBE is a liquid at room temperature, and is used to separate mineral ores from its supporting rock by means of preferential flotation. Sand, limestone, dolomite, and other types of rock material will float on TBE, while minerals such as sphalerite, galena and pyrite will sink. A related compound, bromoform, is also sometimes used in these applications, however, TBE is more practical because of its wider liquid range and lower vapor pressure. Acute TBE poisoning has been known to occur.


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