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TdT

DNTT
PDB 2coe EBI.png
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases DNTT, TDT, DNA nucleotidylexotransferase, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase
External IDs OMIM: 187410 MGI: 98659 HomoloGene: 3014 GeneCards: DNTT
Gene location (Human)
Chromosome 10 (human)
Chr. Chromosome 10 (human)
Chromosome 10 (human)
Genomic location for DNTT
Genomic location for DNTT
Band 10q24.1 Start 96,304,396 bp
End 96,338,564 bp
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001017520
NM_004088

NM_001043228
NM_009345

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001017520
NP_004079

NP_001036693
NP_033371

Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 96.3 – 96.34 Mb Chr 10: 41.03 – 41.06 Mb
PubMed search

2COE

NM_001017520
NM_004088

NM_001043228
NM_009345

NP_001017520
NP_004079

NP_001036693
NP_033371

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), also known as DNA nucleotidylexotransferase (DNTT) or terminal transferase, is a specialized DNA polymerase expressed in immature, pre-B, pre-T lymphoid cells, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma cells. TdT adds N-nucleotides to the V, D, and J exons of the TCR and BCR genes during antibody gene recombination, enabling the phenomenon of junctional diversity. In humans, terminal transferase is encoded by the DNTT gene. As a member of the X family of DNA polymerase enzymes, it works in conjunction with polymerase λ and polymerase μ, both of which belong to the same X family of polymerase enzymes. The diversity introduced by TdT has played an important role in the evolution of the vertebrate immune system, significantly increasing the variety of antigen receptors that a cell is equipped with to fight pathogens. Studies using TdT knockout mice have found drastic reductions (10-fold) in T-cell receptor (TCR) diversity compared with that of normal, or wild-type, systems. The greater diversity of TCRs that an organism is equipped with leads to greater resistance to infection.


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