Sylacauga marble

Sylacauga marble, also commonly known as Alabama marble, is a marble that is found in a belt running through Talladega County, Alabama. It is prized for its pure white color and its crystalline structure. The stone is named after the town of Sylacauga, Alabama, which is sometimes called "the Marble City". Sylacauga marble has been called the "world's whitest". Discovered in 1814, it has been mined for over 160 years, and is used for building, sculpture, and industry. The Alabama Legislature passed Act 755 on September 12, 1969, which made this marble the state's official rock.

Sylacauga marble occurs mainly in Alabama's Talladega County. It runs in a swath 32 miles (51 km) in length, from the Coosa River to just south of the city of Talladega. The deposit is up to 600 feet (180 m) in depth and is focused on the city of Sylacauga, for which it is named.

The first quarry that was developed to mine the marble was that of physician Edward Gantt, established in 1834. The George Herd Family consolidated several smaller quarries shortly thereafter and sold the first quarried marble from the area in 1838 for use as funerary monuments. These and various other quarry operations expanded during the last decades of the nineteenth century. Italian sculptor Giuseppe Moretti discovered the marble while in Alabama during 1903. He was working on the massive Vulcan statue for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, commissioned by the Commercial Club of Birmingham. He established the Moretti-Harrah Marble Company, which exposed other areas of the country to Sylacauga marble.

Major mining operations today include Omya, Sylacauga Marble Mining, and Canadian Polycor Company. Although the pure white color is most widely known in the market, portions of the deposit produce types with bodies or veining in black, pink, gray, and yellow hues.

Sylacauga marble is fine-grained and nearly pure calcite, making it extremely similar to white Carrara marble. Sylacauga marble was used for Gutzon Borglum's bust of Abraham Lincoln in the United States Capitol rotunda. He commented that the stone's fine texture let him portray the expression of kindness on Lincoln’s face, something he had never been able to do with other stones.

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