Surat al-Mutaffifin
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المطففين Al-Muṭaffifīn Defrauding |
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Arabic text · English translation |
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| Classification | Meccan |
| Other names | The Cheats, Cheating, The Defrauders, The Stinters, The Unjust |
| Position | Juzʼ 30 |
| No. of verses | 36 |
| No. of words | 169 |
| No. of letters | 750 |
Arabic text · English translation
Sūrat al-Muṭaffifīn (Arabic: سورة المطففين, “The Defrauders”) is the eighty-third sura of the Qur'an with 36 ayat. Ibn Abbas is known for his knowledge of traditions as well as his critical interpretation of the Qur'an. From early on, he gathered information from other companions of Muhammad and gave classes and wrote commentaries. According to him "When the Prophet Muhammad came to Al-Madinah, they were the worst people in weights and measures. Then Allah, Glorious is He revealed: "Woe to the Mutaffifun (those who give less in measure and weight)", and they were fair in weights and measures after that. According to Abdullah ibn Masud, Muhammed used to recite two equal surahs in one rak'ah; he would recite (for instance) An-Naziat (79) in one rak'ah, surahs al-Mutaffifin (83) and Sūrat al-ʿAbasa (80) in one rak'ah.
The style of the Surah and its subject matter clearly show that it was revealed in the earliest stage at Makkah, when surah after surah was being revealed to impress the doctrine of the Hereafter on the people's minds. This Surah was revealed when they had started ridiculing the Muslims and disgracing them publicly in the streets and in their assemblies, but persecution and manhandling of the Muslims had not yet started. Some commentators regard this as a Madani Surah. This misunderstanding has been caused by a tradition from Ibn Abbas according to which when Mohamed arrived in Madinah, the evil of giving short weight and measure was widespread among the people there. Then Allah sent down Wayl ul-lil mutaffifin and the people began to give full weight and measure. (Nasa'i, Ibn Majah, Ibn Marduyah, Ibn Jarir, Baihaqi: Shu`ab-il-Iman) But, as we have explained in the introduction to Surah Ad-Dahr, the common practice with the Companions and their successors was that when they found that a verse applied to a certain matter of life, they would say that it had been sent down concerning that particular matter. Therefore, what is proved by the tradition of Ibn Abbas is that when after his emigration to Madinah Mohamed saw that the evil was widespread among the people there, he recited this Surah before them by Allah's Command and this helped them mend their ways.
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