Sunjo of Joseon
| Sunjo | |
|---|---|
| King of Joseon | |
 |
|
| Reign | 1800-1834 |
| Predecessor | Jeongjo of Joseon |
| Successor | Heonjong of Joseon |
| Born | 29 July 1790 |
| Died | 13 December 1834 (aged 44) |
| Burial | Illeung, Seoul, Korea |
| Spouse |
Queen Sunwon |
| Issue |
Crown Prince Hyomyong An unknown Prince Princess Myeongon Princess Bokon Princess Deokon Princess Yeongon |
| House | House of Yi |
| Father | King Jeongjo of Joseon |
| Mother | Royal Noble Consort Su |
| Sunjo of Joseon | |
| Hangul | 순조 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 純祖 |
| Revised Romanization | Sunjo |
| McCune–Reischauer | Sunjo |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | 이공 |
| Hanja | 李玜 |
| Revised Romanization | I Gong |
| McCune–Reischauer | Ri Kong |
Sunjo of Joseon (29 July 1790 – 13 December 1834, reigned 1800–1834) was the 23rd king of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. He was born with the title of His Royal Highness Prince Yi Gong. Sunjo was the 2nd son of King Jeongjo which King Jeongjo had with Lady Subin, one of King Jeongjo concubines.
Sunjo ascended to the throne at age 11 in 1800 upon the death of his father, King Jeongjo.
In 1802, King Sunjo married Lady Kim of Andong, known posthumously as Queen Sunwon, daughter of Kim Jo-sun who was a leader of Andong Kim clan.
Since he ascended the throne at a young age, Queen Dowager Jeongsun, the second queen of King Yeongjo, ruled as queen regent, which allowed her to wield power over state affairs. Despite King Sunjo's efforts to reform politics, the fundamental principles of government deteriorated. The state examination became disordered and corruption in the government personnel administration prevailed. This resulted in disorder in society and various kinds of riots broke out among the people, including the revolt by Hong Gyeong-nae in 1811-1812. The Ogajaktongbeop (五家作統法, a census registration system to group five houses as one unit) was also carried out in this period, and oppression against Roman Catholicism began in earnest.
King Sunjo died after reigning for 35 years in 1834 at the age of 44. He was first buried next to Jangneung, Paju, the tomb of King Injo and Queen Inyeo but later moved to Illeung, Seoul as the Feng Shui at the old site was deemed to be unfavourable.
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