Sultanate of Siak
| Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura كسولتانن سياق سري ايندراڤور |
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 Territory of Kesultanan Siak Sri Indrapura in Sumatra
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| Capital | Buantan, Mempura, Senapelan Pekanbaru, Siak Sri Indrapura | |||||||||
| Languages | Malay | |||||||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | |||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | |||||||||
| Sultan Yang Dipertuan Besar | ||||||||||
| • | 1725–1746 | Abdul Jalil Rahmad Syah I | ||||||||
| • | 1915–1949 | Kasim Abdul Jalil Syaifudin I (Syarif Qasim II) | ||||||||
| History | ||||||||||
| • | Founded | 1723 | ||||||||
| • | Joined Republic of Indonesia | 1946 | ||||||||
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| Today part of |
 Indonesia
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The Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura, often called Sultanate of Siak (Indonesian: Kesultanan Siak Sri Inderapura; Jawi: كسولتانن سياق سري ايندراڤورا), was a kingdom that was located in the Siak Regency, Riau from 1723 to 1946 CE. It was founded by Raja Kecik from the Johor Kingdom (Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmad Syah I), after he failed to seize the throne of the Sultanate of Johor.
After Indonesia's Independence was proclaimed on 17 August 1945, the last sultan of Siak (Sultan Syarif Kasim II) declared his kingdom to have joined the Republic of Indonesia.
The history of Riau before Indonesian independence time has been rooted in the history of Siak Sri Indrapura, a Malay Islamic kingdom. The Siak-centred sultanate was founded by Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmad Shah in 1725. The first Sultan died in 1746 and later posthumously given the title of Marhum Buantan. The reign was continued to Sultan Abdul Jalil Muzaffar Shah (1746–1765) who ruled for about 19 years. This second Sultan succeeded in making the Kingdom of Siak Sri Indrapura strong and triumphant.
The third Sultan was Abdul Jalil Jalaluddin Shah (1765–1766) had only ruled for a year. His real name was Tengku Ismail. His reign was under attacks of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) which took advantage of Tengku Alam (later became the fourth Sultan) as a shield. Sultan Abdul Jalil later dubbed Marhum Mangkat di Balai. Tengku Alam (1766–1780) ascended to the throne after the death of Abdul Jalil Jalaluddin, with the title of Sultan Abdul Jalil Alamuddin Syah and posthumously given the title of Marhum Bukit.
The daughter of fourth Sultan, Abdul Jalil Alamuddin Syah, Badriyyah was married to a person knowledgeable in Islam Sayyid Uthman bin Abdurrahman bin Sa'id bin Ali bin Muhammad bin Hasan bin Umar Banahsan, a Hadhrami of Ba 'Alawi sada family. Uthman was then appointed as a military commander and religious advisor in the Sultanate. Six of their descendants from this marriage became Sultans, which was started since the seventh Sultan of Siak Sri Indrapura (hence their names prefixed with word Syarif or Sayyid).
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