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Stephen Bathory

Stephen Báthory
Stefan Batory 11.PNG
An 18th-century depiction of Stephen Báthory by Bacciarelli
King of Poland
Grand Duke of Lithuania
Reign 1 May 1576 – 12 December 1586
Election
Coronation
14 December 1575
1 May 1576
Predecessor Anna Jagiellon
Successor Sigismund III Vasa
Born (1533-09-27)27 September 1533
Szilágysomlyó, Transylvania (now Şimleu Silvaniei, Romania)
Died 12 December 1586(1586-12-12) (aged 53)
Grodno, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (now in Belarus)
Burial Wawel Cathedral, Saint Mary's Crypt (buried May 1588)
Spouse Anna Jagiellon
House Báthory
Father Stephen Báthory of Somlyó
Mother Catherine Telegdi
Signature

Stephen Báthory (Hungarian: Báthory István; Polish: Stefan Batory; Belarusian: Sciapan Batura; Lithuanian: Steponas Batoras; Romanian: Ştefan Báthory; 27 September 1533 – 12 December 1586) was Voivode of Transylvania (1571–76), Prince of Transylvania (1576–86), from 1576 Queen Anna Jagiellon's husband and jure uxoris King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1576-1586).

The son of Stephen VIII Báthory and a member of the Hungarian Báthory noble family, Báthory was a ruler of Transylvania in the 1570s, defeating another challenger for that title, Gáspár Bekes. In 1576 Báthory became the third elected king of Poland. He worked closely with chancellor Jan Zamoyski. The first years of his reign were focused on establishing power, defeating a fellow claimant to the throne, Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, and quelling rebellions, most notably, the Danzig rebellion. He reigned only a decade, but is considered one of the most successful kings in Polish history, particularly in the realm of military history. His signal achievement was his victorious campaign in Livonia against Russia in the middle part of his reign, in which he repulsed a Russian invasion of Commonwealth borderlands and secured a highly favorable treaty of peace (the Peace of Jam Zapolski).


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