St. Michaels, Maryland
| Saint Michaels, Maryland | |
|---|---|
| Town | |
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| Motto: "Historic Charm, Nautical Adventure, Romantic Spaces" | |
 Location of Saint Michaels, Maryland |
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| Coordinates: 38°47′1″N 76°13′20″W / 38.78361°N 76.22222°WCoordinates: 38°47′1″N 76°13′20″W / 38.78361°N 76.22222°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Maryland |
| Region | Eastern Shore of Maryland |
| County | Talbot |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1.25 sq mi (3.24 km2) |
| • Land | 1.15 sq mi (2.98 km2) |
| • Water | 0.10 sq mi (0.26 km2) |
| Elevation | 10 ft (3 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 1,029 |
| • Estimate (2012) | 1,020 |
| • Density | 894.8/sq mi (345.5/km2) |
| Time zone | Eastern (EST) (UTC-5) |
| • Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| ZIP code | 21663 |
| Area code(s) | 410, 443, and 667 |
| FIPS code | 24-69825 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0591218 |
| Website | http://stmichaelsmd.org/ |
Saint Michaels, also known as St. Michaels, is a town in Talbot County, Maryland, USA. The population was 1,029 at the 2010 census. Saint Michaels derives its name from the Episcopal Parish established there in 1677. The church attracted settlers who engaged in tobacco growing and ship building.
The town was laid out as a speculative development in the 1770s by James Braddock. Unlike the more typical 18th century grid-pattern town planning, Braddock laid St. Michaels out around a central square. The town was incorporated in 1804.
A rural Anglican church that long predated the town gave St. Michaels its name. Despite this church's presence on the shore of the harbor, the town of St. Michaels early became predominantly Methodist following visits by itinerant Methodist preachers. Braddock donated land for a Methodist church in the center of St. Mary's square. A brick structure was built and after the war of 1812 the name of Sardis Chapel was adopted. That building was razed and a new brick building was erected in 1839. The cornerstone was laid on July 4, 1839. It remains on that site.
The town's earliest industry was shipbuilding, and as many as six shipbuilders were active in or near the town by the War of 1812. Their typical product was a fast schooner, a type later known as the Baltimore clipper. Such vessels were well adapted to evading blockades or outrunning pirates or foreign naval vessels at sea, and some were later used as private armed vessels carrying a letter of marque. For example, Thomas L. Haddaway launched the schooner Lottery at St. Michaels in 1812, and her owners obtained a letter of marque allowing her to take prizes at sea.
The town played a role in the War of 1812 when, in 1813, a fleet under the command of Admiral George Cockburn moved up the Chesapeake Bay, and targeted St. Michaels because of the presence of a militia battery erected to defend the town and its shipyards. Under cover of early morning darkness on August 10, 1813, the Battle of St. Michaels commenced as the British sent a landing party ashore just south of the town, and after a brief exchange, neutralized the battery and returned to their boats. The British proceeded to bombard the town from the barges and a brig, but failed to destroy the shipyards or cause any substantial damage to the town. The militia returned fire from artillery batteries at Impy Dawson's wharf (the foot of Mulberry Street) and Mill Point (the foot of Carpenter Street). A contemporary report noted that "several houses were pierced" by the British fire. Nearly a century later a story was recorded that as a result of the town's ruse of dimming the lights and hanging lanterns in the trees beyond the town so that the cannonballs would overshoot the town, the town was spared. Based on this story, St. Michaels became known as "the town that fooled the British," a nickname selected during the sesquicentennial celebration of the battle in 1963. The Cannonball House survives as one of the structures reportedly struck by one of the shots, and is on the National Register of Historic Places, as is the Saint Michaels Historic District.
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