St. Leo IX
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Pope Saint Leo IX |
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| Papacy began | 12 February 1049 |
| Papacy ended | 19 April 1054 |
| Predecessor | Damasus II |
| Successor | Victor II |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 1026 |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Bruno von Eguisheim-Dagsburg |
| Born |
21 June 1002 Eguisheim, Alsace, Duchy of Swabia, Holy Roman Empire |
| Died | 19 April 1054 (aged 51) Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire |
| Previous post | Bishop of Toul (1026–49) |
| Sainthood | |
| Feast day | 19 April |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Canonized | 1082 by Pope Gregory VII |
| Attributes |
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| Patronage | |
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Papal styles of Pope Leo IX |
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| Reference style | His Holiness |
| Spoken style | Your Holiness |
| Religious style | Holy Father |
| Posthumous style | Saint |
Pope Leo IX (21 June 1002 – 19 April 1054), born Bruno of Egisheim-Dagsburg, was Pope from 12 February 1049 to his death in 1054. He was an Alsatian aristocrat and a powerful ruler of central Italy while holding the papacy. He is regarded as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church, his feast day celebrated on 19 April.
Leo IX's citing of the Donation of Constantine in a letter to the Patriarch of Constantinople brought about the Great Schism between the Catholic and Orthodox churches.
He was born to Count Hugh and Heilwig and was a native of Eguisheim, Upper Alsace (present day Alsace, France). His family was of noble rank, and his father, Count Hugh, was a cousin of Emperor Conrad II (1024–1039). He was educated at Toul, where he successively became canon and, in 1026, bishop. In the latter capacity he rendered important political services to his relative Conrad II, and afterwards to Emperor Henry III. He became widely known as an earnest and reforming ecclesiastic by the zeal he showed in spreading the rule of the order of Cluny.
On the death of Pope Damasus II in 1048, Bruno was selected as his successor by an assembly at Worms in December. Both the Emperor and the Roman delegates concurred. However, Bruno apparently favored a canonical election and stipulated as a condition of his acceptance that he should first proceed to Rome and be freely elected by the voice of the clergy and people of Rome. Setting out shortly after Christmas, he met with abbot Hugh of Cluny at Besançon, where he was joined by the young monk Hildebrand, who afterwards became Pope Gregory VII; arriving in pilgrim garb at Rome in the following February, he was received with much cordiality, and at his consecration assumed the name Leo IX.
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