Spica class torpedo boat
Torpedo boat Cassiopea
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| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Operators: | |
| Succeeded by: | Ariete class |
| Built: | 1934–37 |
| In service: | 1935–64 |
| Completed: | 32 |
| Lost: | 23 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type: | Torpedo boat |
| Displacement: |
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| Length: | 83.5 m (273 ft 11 in) |
| Beam: | 8.1 m (26 ft 7 in) |
| Draught: | 2.55 m (8 ft 4 in) |
| Installed power: | 19,000 hp (14,200 kW) |
| Propulsion: | 2 boilers, 2 steam turbines, 2 shafts |
| Speed: | 34 knots (39 mph; 63 km/h) |
| Complement: | 116 |
| Sensors and processing systems: |
Sonar and hydrophones |
| Armament: |
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The Spica class were a class of torpedo boats of the Regia Marina (Royal Italian Navy) during World War II. These ships were built as a result of a clause in the Washington Naval Treaty, which stated that ships with a tonnage of less than 600 could be built in unlimited numbers. Thirty-two ships were built between 1934 and 1937, thirty of which entered service with Italy and two which were transferred to the Swedish Navy in 1940. Although commonly referred to as torpedo boats, the Spica class were similar in design to destroyer escorts (their design was influenced by the Maestrale-class destroyer then in development) and were intended for anti-submarine duties, although they often had to fight aircraft and surface forces as well. The two units in Swedish service were classed as destroyers until 1953, when re-classified as corvettes; twenty-three vessels were lost during World War II.
The design work started in 1932 and two prototypes, Spica and Astore, were built. The hull was 80 metres (260 ft) long and displacement was around 720 short tons (650 t) standard rather than the 600 short tons (540 t) permitted by the Washington treaty. Propulsion consisted of a two shaft geared turbine layout with two Yarrow–type boilers. The armament consisted of three 100 mm (4 in)/47 caliber dual-purpose guns in single mountings in 'A', 'X' and 'Y' positions and three or four twin 13.2 mm (0.52 in) anti-aircraft machine guns—later replaced by 9 to 11 Breda 20/65 modello 35 20 mm cannons in various configurations. They also carried four 450 mm (18 in) torpedo tubes, two for each side, which had a shorter range and a smaller warhead than the 533 mm (21 in) ones in use on destroyers.
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