South African Class 16 4-6-2

South African Classes 16 & 16R 4-6-2

Class 16 no. 800, Braamfontein, c. 1930

Type and origin ♠ Class 16 as built with a Belpaire firebox ♥ Class 16R rebuilt with a Watson Standard boiler ♣ Steel firebox - ♦ Copper firebox Power type Steam Designer South African Railways (D.A. Hendrie) Builder North British Locomotive Company Serial number 20430-20441 Model Class 16 Build date 1914 Total produced 12

Specifications Configuration 4-6-2 (Pacific) Driver 2nd coupled axle Gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge Leading dia. 30 in (762 mm) Coupled dia. 60 in (1,524 mm) Trailing dia. 33 in (838 mm) Tender wheels 34 in (864 mm) Wheelbase 55 ft 11 3⁄4 in (17,062 mm)  • Engine 29 ft 5 1⁄2 in (8,979 mm)  • Leading 6 ft 2 in (1,880 mm)  • Coupled 10 ft 9 in (3,277 mm)  • Tender 16 ft 9 in (5,105 mm)  • Tender bogie 4 ft 7 in (1,397 mm) Length: ​  • Over couplers 64 ft 4 1⁄8 in (19,612 mm) Height ♠ 12 ft 10 in (3,912 mm) ♥ 12 ft 11 1⁄4 in (3,943 mm) Frame type Plate Axle load ♠ 18 LT (18,290 kg) ♥♣ 17 LT 15 cwt (18,030 kg)  • Leading ♠ 16 LT 3 cwt (16,410 kg) ♥♣ 16 LT 10 cwt (16,760 kg)  • 1st coupled ♠ 18 LT (18,290 kg) ♥♣ 17 LT 13 cwt (17,930 kg)  • 2nd coupled ♠ 18 LT (18,290 kg) ♥♣ 17 LT 15 cwt (18,030 kg)  • 3rd coupled ♠ 17 LT 18 cwt (18,190 kg) ♥♣ 17 LT 15 cwt (18,030 kg)  • Trailing ♠ 13 LT 12 cwt (13,820 kg) ♥♣ 13 LT 8 cwt (13,620 kg)  • Tender bogie Bogie 1: 27 LT 10 cwt (27,940 kg) Bogie 2: 23 LT 11 cwt (23,930 kg)  • Tender axle 13 LT 15 cwt (13,970 kg) Adhesive weight ♠ 53 LT 18 cwt (54,760 kg) ♥♣ 53 LT 3 cwt (54,000 kg) Loco weight ♠ 83 LT 13 cwt (84,990 kg) ♥♣ 82 LT 19 cwt (84,280 kg) Tender weight 51 LT 1 cwt (51,870 kg) Total weight ♠ 134 LT 14 cwt (136,900 kg) ♥♣ 134 LT (136,200 kg) Tender type MP1 (2-axle bogies) MP, MP1, MR, MS, MT, MT1, MT2, MX, MY, MY1 permitted Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity 10 LT (10.2 t) Water cap 4,250 imp gal (19,300 l) Firebox type ♠ Belpaire - ♥ Round-top  • Firegrate area ♠♥ 37 sq ft (3.4 m2) Boiler: ​  • Model Watson Standard no. 2B  • Pitch ♠ 7 ft 9 in (2,362 mm) ♥ 8 ft (2,438 mm)  • Diameter ♠ 5 ft 4 5⁄8 in (1,641 mm) ♥ 5 ft 7 1⁄2 in (1,714 mm)  • Tube plates ♠ 18 ft 3 in (5,563 mm) ♥♣ 18 ft 4 in (5,588 mm) ♥♦ 18 ft 3 5⁄8 in (5,578 mm)  • Small tubes ♠ 131: 2 1⁄4 in (57 mm) ♥ 87: 2 1⁄2 in (64 mm)  • Large tubes ♠ 24: 5 1⁄2 in (140 mm) ♥ 30: 5 1⁄2 in (140 mm) Boiler pressure ♠♥ 190 psi (1,310 kPa) Safety valve ♠ Ramsbottom ♥ Pop Heating surface ♠ 2,186 sq ft (203.1 m2) ♥ 1,978 sq ft (183.8 m2)  • Tubes ♠ 2,040 sq ft (190 m2) ♥ 1,836 sq ft (170.6 m2)  • Firebox ♠ 146 sq ft (13.6 m2) ♥ 142 sq ft (13.2 m2) Superheater: ​  • Heating area ♠ 515 sq ft (47.8 m2) ♥ 472 sq ft (43.9 m2) Cylinders Two Cylinder size 22 in (559 mm) bore 26 in (660 mm) stroke Valve gear Walschaerts Valve type Piston Couplers Johnston link-and-pin AAR knuckle (1930s)

Performance figures Tractive effort ♠♥ 29,890 lbf (133.0 kN) @ 75%

Career Operators South African Railways Class Class 16 & 16R Number in class 12 Numbers 790-801 Delivered 1914 First run 1914

The 2nd coupled axle had flangeless wheels

The South African Railways Class 16 4-6-2 of 1914 was a steam locomotive.

In 1914, the South African Railways placed twelve Class 16 steam locomotives with a 4-6-2 Pacific type wheel arrangement in passenger train service.

The Class 16 4-6-2 Pacific type passenger locomotive was designed by D.A. Hendrie, Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) of the South African Railways (SAR) from 1910 to 1922. It was built by the North British Locomotive Company in Glasgow, Scotland, who delivered twelve locomotives in 1914, numbered in the range from 790 to 801.

The design of the Class 16 closely followed that of Hendrie's Class 15 4-8-2 Mountain type which was introduced at the same time from the same builders and many parts were made interchangeable.

The cylinders were arranged outside the plate frames, with the piston valves above the cylinders and actuated by Walschaerts valve gear. The boilers were equipped with superheaters and had Belpaire fireboxes. The engines were delivered new with Type MP1 tenders with a 10 long tons (10.2 tonnes) coal capacity and a 4,250 imperial gallons (19,300 litres) water capacity.

When it was built in 1914, the Class 16 was considered to be a very large and powerful express locomotive, even when compared to British locomotives which were built to run on 4 feet 8 ¹⁄₂ inches (1,435 millimetres) broad gauge. As built, with 60 inches (1,524 millimetres) diameter coupled wheels, the ratio of wheel diameter to rail gauge was the same as that of a broad gauge locomotive with 81 inches (2,057 millimetres) diameter coupled wheels. Their tractive effort of 29,890 pounds-force (133.0 kilonewtons) at 75% boiler pressure exceeded the 27,800 pounds-force (124 kilonewtons) at 85% boiler pressure of Churchward's The Great Bear Pacific on the Great Western Railway and equalled, also at 85% boiler pressure, that of Gresley's later Great Northern Pacifics. This made the Class 16 the most powerful express passenger locomotive design yet to have been built in Great Britain at the time.