Sophronius of Jerusalem

St. Sophronius
St. Sophronius of Jerusalem
Patriarch of Jerusalem
Born	c. 560 Damascus
Died	11 March 638 Jerusalem
Venerated in	Eastern Orthodox Church, Roman Catholic Church
Feast	11 March [O.S. 24 March (where the Julian calendar is used)]
Attributes	Vested as a bishop, with right hand upheld in blessing, holding a Gospel Book or scroll

Sophronius (c. 560 – March 11, 638; Greek: Σωφρόνιος) was the Patriarch of Jerusalem from 634 until his death, and is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic Churches. Before rising to the primacy of the see of Jerusalem, he was a monk and theologian who was the chief protagonist for Orthodox teaching in the doctrinal controversy on the essential nature of Jesus and his volitional acts.

Sophronius has been claimed to be of Byzantine Greek, as well as of Syrian Arab descent. A teacher of rhetoric, Sophronius became an ascetic in Egypt about 580 and then entered the monastery of St. Theodosius near Bethlehem. Traveling to monastic centres in Asia Minor, Egypt, and Rome, he accompanied the Byzantine chronicler St. John Moschus, who dedicated to him his celebrated tract on the religious life, Leimõn ho Leimõnon (Greek: “The Spiritual Meadow”) (and whose feast day in the Eastern Orthodox Church, 11 March [O.S. 24 March], is shared with Sophonius'). On the death of Moschus in Rome in 619, Sophronius accompanied the body back to Jerusalem for monastic burial. He traveled to Alexandria, Egypt, and to Constantinople in the year 633 to persuade the respective patriarchs to renounce Monothelitism, a heterodox teaching that espoused a single, divine will in Christ to the exclusion of a human capacity for choice. Sophronius' extensive writings on this question are all lost.