Society of the Friends of the Constitution
| French: Club des Jacobins | |
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| Motto | "Live free or die" (French: Vivre libre ou mourir) |
|---|---|
| Successor | Panthéon Club |
| Formation | 1789 |
| Founded at | Versailles, France |
| Extinction | 11 November 1794 |
| Type | Advocacy group |
| Legal status | Inactive |
| Purpose |
Establishment of a Jacobin society:
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| Headquarters | Dominican convent, Rue Saint-Honoré, Paris |
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Region
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France |
| Methods | From democratic initiatives to public violence |
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Membership (1793)
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Around 500,000 |
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Official language
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French |
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President
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Antoine Barnave (first) Maximilien Robespierre (last) |
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Key people
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Brissot, Robespierre, Duport, Marat, Desmoulins, Mirabeau, Danton, Billaud-Varenne, Barras, Collot d'Herbois, Saint-Just |
| Subsidiaries |
Newspapers: |
| Affiliations |
All groups in the National Convention |
Establishment of a Jacobin society:
Newspapers:
All groups in the National Convention
The Society of the Friends of the Constitution (French: Société des amis de la Constitution), after 1792 renamed Society of the Jacobins, Friends of Freedom and Equality (French: Société des Jacobins, amis de la liberté et de l'égalité), commonly known as the Jacobin Club (Club des Jacobins) or simply the Jacobins (French: [ʒa.kɔ.bɛ̃ ], English: /ˈdʒæ.kə.bɪnz/), was the most influential political club during the French Revolution. Initially founded in 1789 by anti-Royalist deputies from Brittany, the Club grew into a nationwide republican movement, with a membership estimated at a half million or more. The Jacobin Club was heterogeneous and included both prominent parliamentary factions of the early 1790s, the Mountain and the Girondins.
In 1792–93, the Girondins were more prominent in leading France, the period when war was declared on Austria and Prussia, the monarchy was overthrown and the Republic created.
In May 1793, led by Maximilien de Robespierre, the leaders of the Mountain faction succeeded in sidelining the Girondin faction and controlled the government until July 1794. Their time in government was characterized by high levels of political violence; for this reason some historians label roughly that period of Jacobin/Mountain government as 'Reign of Terror'.
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Wikipedia