Société des amis de la Constitution

Jacobin Club

French: Club des Jacobins
Seal of the Jacobin Club (1792–1794)
Successor	Panthéon Club
Formation	1789
Founder	Robespierre
Founded at	Versailles, France
Extinction	11 November 1794; 223 years ago (1794-11-11)
Type	Parliamentary group
Legal status	Inactive
Purpose	Establishment of a Jacobin society: 1789–91: Abolition of the Ancien Régime, creation of a parliament, introduction of a Constitution and separation of powers 1791–95: Establishment of a republic, fusion of powers into the National Convention, establishment of an authoritarian-democratic state
Headquarters	Dominican convent, Rue Saint-Honoré, Paris
Region	France
Methods	From democratic initiatives to public violence
Membership (1793)	Around 500,000
Official language	French
President	Antoine Barnave (first) Maximilien Robespierre (last)
Key people	Brissot, Robespierre, Duport, Marat, Desmoulins, Mirabeau, Danton, Billaud-Varenne, Barras, Collot d'Herbois, Saint-Just
Subsidiaries	Newspapers: L'Ami du peuple Le Vieux Cordelier
Affiliations	All groups in the National Convention Montagnards Girondins Maraisards

Establishment of a Jacobin society:

Newspapers:

All groups in the National Convention

The Society of the Friends of the Constitution (French: Société des amis de la Constitution), after 1792 renamed Society of the Jacobins, Friends of Freedom and Equality (Société des Jacobins, amis de la liberté et de l'égalité), commonly known as the Jacobin Club (Club des Jacobins) or simply the Jacobins (English: /ˈdʒæ.kə.bɪnz/; French: [ʒa.kɔ.bɛ̃]), was the most influential political club during the French Revolution. Initially founded in 1789 by anti-Royalist deputies from Brittany, the club grew into a nationwide republican movement, with a membership estimated at a half million or more. The Jacobin Club was heterogeneous and included both prominent parliamentary factions of the early 1790s, the Mountain and the Girondins.

In 1792–93, the Girondins were more prominent in leading France, the period when war was declared on Austria and Prussia, the monarchy was overthrown and the Republic created.

In May 1793, led by Maximilien de Robespierre, the leaders of the Mountain faction succeeded in sidelining the Girondin faction and controlled the government until July 1794. Their time in government was characterized by high levels of political violence; for this reason some historians label roughly that period of Jacobin/Mountain government as 'Reign of Terror'.