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Sir Evelyn Baring

The Right Honourable
The Earl of Cromer
GCB OM GCMG KCSI CIE PC FRS
The Rt. Hon. The Earl of Cromer
The Earl of Cromer in 1895
1st Controller-General in Egypt
In office
1878–1879
Monarch Isma'il Pasha
Preceded by Office Established
Succeeded by Edward Baldwin Malet
1st Consul-General of Egypt
In office
11 September 1883 – 6 May 1907
Monarch Tawfiq Pasha
Abbas Helmi II
Preceded by Edward Baldwin Malet
As Controller-General in Egypt
Succeeded by Eldon Gorst
Personal details
Born Evelyn Baring
(1841-02-26)26 February 1841
Cromer, Norfolk
United Kingdom
Died 29 January 1917(1917-01-29) (aged 75)
Westminster, London
United Kingdom
Nationality United Kingdom British
Spouse(s) Ethel Errington
Children Rowland Baring, 2nd Earl of Cromer
Evelyn Baring, 1st Baron Howick of Glendale
Louisa Sophia
Alma mater Royal Military Academy
Staff College, Camberley
Occupation Military officer, politician
Awards Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Member of the Order of Merit
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India
Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire
Military service
Allegiance  United Kingdom
Service/branch Army
Years of service 1860–1877
Rank Major
Unit Royal Artillery

Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer GCB OM GCMG KCSI CIE PC FRS (/ˈkrmər/; 26 February 1841 – 29 January 1917), was a British statesman, diplomat and colonial administrator. He was British controller-general in Egypt during 1879, part of the international Control which oversaw Egyptian finances after the 1876 Egyptian bankruptcy. He later became the agent and consul-general in Egypt from 1883 to 1907 during the British occupation prompted by the 'Urabi revolt. This position gave Baring de facto control over Egyptian finances and governance.

Baring's programs led to limited economic development in Egypt in certain areas, but deepened its dependence on cash crops and structural underdevelopment, as well as regressed many of its social developments (such as the state school system). His policies are considered to be representative of colonial "white man's burden" attitudes.

Baring was the ninth son of Henry Baring and his second wife, Cecilia Anne (née Windham). The English branch of the Baring family descends from John (born Johann) Baring, who emigrated from Germany in 1717. John's son Sir Francis was the founder of Barings Bank. Henry was the third son of Sir Francis. When he died in 1848, 7-year old Evelyn was sent to boarding school. When he was 14, he entered the Royal Military Academy, graduating at 17 with a lieutenant's commission in the Royal Artillery. He was initially posted to a battery on the island of Corfu.


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