Sinophobia

Anti-Chinese sentiment, Sinophobia (from Late Latin Sinae "China" and Greek φόβος, phobos, "fear"), or Chinophobia is a sentiment against China, its people, overseas Chinese, or Chinese culture. It often targets Chinese minorities living outside of China and is complicated by the dilemma of immigration, development of national identity in neighbouring countries, disparity of wealth, the fall of the past central tribute system and majority-minority relations. Its opposite is Sinophilia. Some of the reasons of anti-Chinese sentiment are its government, the (Communist Party of China), and its human rights; but for foremost of it, is the Chinese imperialism, which has existed since the ancient history. Sinophobia also stems from older ethnic tensions, such as those related to Japanese nationalism, Korean nationalism to Vietnamese nationalism.

Although Hong Kong returned to Chinese rule in 1997, Hong Kongers do not fully identify with China. According to a survey conducted by the University of Hong Kong in December 2014, 42.3% of Hong Kongers identify themselves as "Hong Kong citizens", versus 17.8% who identify themselves as "Chinese citizens", and 39.3% who choose a mixed identity of both (a Hong Kong Chinese or a Hong Konger living in China). The number of Mainland Chinese visitors to Hong Kong have surged since the handover, reaching 28 million in 2011. The conspicuous consumption and rude behaviour of some mainlanders have upset many locals. In 2012, a group of Hong Kong residents published a newspaper advertisement depicting mainland visitors and immigrants as locusts. In February 2014, about 100 Hong Kongers harassed mainland tourists and shoppers during what they styled as an "anti-locust" protest in Kowloon. The protest caused a backlash and was widely condemned. In response, the Equal Opportunities Commission of Hong Kong proposed an extension of the territory's race-hate laws to cover mainlanders.

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