Simón de Anda y Salazar
| Simón de Anda y Salazar | |
|---|---|
| Governor-General of the Philippines | |
|
In office July 1770 – October 30, 1776 |
|
| Monarch | Charles III of Spain |
| Preceded by | José Antonio Raón y Gutiérrez |
| Succeeded by | Pedro de Sarrio |
| Leader of the Spanish Resistance in the Philippines | |
|
In office October 6, 1762 – January 30, 1764 |
|
| Personal details | |
| Born |
October 28, 1709 Subijana, Basque Country, Spain |
| Died | October 30, 1776 (aged 67) Cavite, Captaincy General of the Philippines |
| Military service | |
| Battles/wars | Seven Years' War |
Simón de Anda y Salazar (October 28, 1709 – October 30, 1776) was a Spanish Basque governor of the Philippines from July, 1770 to October 30, 1776.
De Anda y Salazar was an Oidor of the Royal Audience of Manila, who was appointed as Lieutenant Governor of the city by the Governor-General of the Philippines and the Audiencia itself during the British occupation of Manila. He departed Manila on the night of 5 Oct. 1762, during the Battle of Manila (1762), and established Spanish a provisional colonial government and army in Bulacan. The acting governor of Manila, Archbishop Manuel Rojo, was captured by the British and surrendered the Philippines, but this act was rejected as illegal by Anda.
Anda escaped from Manila with much of the treasury and documents, assumed full authority on behalf of the Royal Audience of Manila, established the provisional government and raised an army in Bulacan (later Pampanga), and launched the resistance against the British. All early negotiations between him and the British forces in Manila proved unsuccessful, as he returned unopened all letters sent to him that did not address him as the legitimate Governor-General of the Philippines, something that the British refused to do until the death of Archbishop Rojo, on January 30, 1764.
In March 1764, orders were brought from both the King of Britain and the King of Spain by the Spanish governor designate Brigadier Don Francisco de la Torre, requiring the handover of the city to Spain in accordance with the Treaty of Paris (1763). British Governor Drake was charged with culpability as governor but forestalled an adverse finding by resigning and leaving the Philippines on March 29, 1764. The Manila Council elected Alexander Dalrymple as governor on the same day, but the Manila garrison would not obey him. On April 1, 1764, the Manila garrison ceremonially marched out, embarking for home, and giving the Spanish control of Manila with de la Torre as Governor and Captain-General of the Spanish Philippines.
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