Silene stenophylla
| Silene stenophylla | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Core eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Caryophyllaceae |
| Genus: | Silene |
| Species: | S. stenophylla |
| Binomial name | |
|
Silene stenophylla Ledeb. (1842) |
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| Duvanny Yar | |
|---|---|
Kolyma River
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| Location | Russian Arctic, Sakha Republic |
| Coordinates | 68°38′0.28″N 159°4′43.68″E / 68.6334111°N 159.0788000°ECoordinates: 68°38′0.28″N 159°4′43.68″E / 68.6334111°N 159.0788000°E |
| External identifiers for Silene stenophylla | |
|---|---|
| Encyclopedia of Life | 5200872 |
| NCBI | 39916 |
| Also found in: | |
Silene stenophylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. Commonly called narrow-leafed campion, it is a species in the genus Silene. It grows in the Arctic tundra of far eastern Siberia and the mountains of Northern Japan. Frozen samples, estimated via radiocarbon dating to be around 32,000 years old, were discovered in the same area as current living specimens, and in 2012 a team of scientists successfully regenerated a plant from the samples.
S. stenophylla grows in the Arctic tundra of far eastern Siberia and the mountains of Northern Japan. It is typically 5–25 cm (2–10 in) tall, has narrow leaves, and a large calyx. It blooms during the summer and has incised petals that are lilac, light pink, or white in color. It is a perennial that grows on stony cliffs and sandy shores.S. stenophylla is one of a few Beringian plant species that did not establish itself in North America.
A team of scientists from Russia, Hungary and the United States recovered frozen Silene species Caryophyllaceae, Silene stenophylla seeds and remains from the Pleistocene-age (1.806 million years to 11,500 years BP) in 2007, while investigating about 70 ancient ground squirrel (genus Urocitellus Geomys ssp) hibernation burrows or caches, hidden in permanently frozen loess-ice deposits located at Duvanny Yar, on the right bank of the lower Kolyma River in Sakha Republic, northeastern Siberia, in the plant's present-day range.
Using radiocarbon dating, the age of the seeds was estimated at between 20,000 and 40,000 years, dating the seeds to the epoch. The embryos were damaged, possibly by the animals' activity. The research team presented their findings at the Botany & Plant Biology conference in Chicago, Illinois in 2007. The burrows were found 20–40 meters (66–131 ft) below the present-day surface. Usually the rodents would eat the food in their larders, but in this case a flood or other weather event buried the whole area. Since the rodents had placed the larders at the level of the permafrost, the material froze almost immediately, and did not thaw out at any time since. More than 600,000 fruits and seeds were located at the site.
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