Siege of Nara

The Tōdai-ji, which claims to be the largest wooden structure in the world, was even larger before it was destroyed in this battle and later rebuilt.

Date	1180
Location	Nara, Japan
Result	Taira victory; much of city destroyed

Belligerents

Taira clan

warrior monks of various Nara temples

Commanders and leaders

Taira no Shigehira
Taira no Tomomori

Ygaku

Strength

500 samurai

7,000 monks

Casualties and losses

Unknown

3,500

Following the 1180 Battle of the Uji, in which Minamoto no Yorimasa fought a small Taira army with the help of monks from the Mii-dera and other temples, the victorious Taira sought revenge. They burned the Miidera temple, before moving on to Nara, where they "set fire to the monastic complexes of Kōfuku-ji and Tōdai-ji."

The Taira were opposed by warrior monks from nearly every major monastery and temple in Nara. Taira no Shigehira and Tomomori, both sons of Kiyomori, head of the clan, commanded the siege.

The monks dug ditches in the roads, and build many forms of improvised defenses. They fought primarily with bow & arrow, and naginata, while the Taira were on horseback, giving them a great advantage. Despite the monks' superior numbers, and their strategic defenses, their enemy succeeded in destroying nearly every temple in the city, including the Kōfuku-ji and Tōdai-ji. Only the Shōsōin survived.

The 'Heike Monogatari' laments the destruction the Tōdai-ji's Daibutsu (Great Buddha statue):

In all, 3,500 people died in the burning of Nara.

Coordinates: 34°41′00″N 135°48′00″E / 34.683333°N 135.8°E / 34.683333; 135.8

...
Wikipedia