Shimoda, Shizuoka
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Shimoda 下田市 |
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 Location of Shimoda in Shizuoka Prefecture |
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 Shimoda
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| Coordinates: 34°40′46.3″N 138°56′43.1″E / 34.679528°N 138.945306°ECoordinates: 34°40′46.3″N 138°56′43.1″E / 34.679528°N 138.945306°E | |||
| Country | Japan | ||
| Region | Chūbu (Tōkai) | ||
| Prefecture | Shizuoka Prefecture | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Shunsuke Kusuyama | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 104.71 km2 (40.43 sq mi) | ||
| Population (September 2015) | |||
| • Total | 22,931 | ||
| • Density | 219/km2 (570/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | Japan Standard Time (UTC+9) | ||
| - Tree | Oshima Cherry | ||
| - Flower | Hydrangea | ||
| Phone number | 0558-22-2211 | ||
| Address | 1-5-18, Higashihongō, Shimoda-shi, Shizuoka-ken 415-8501 |
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| Website | Official website | ||
Shimoda (下田市 Shimoda-shi?) is a city and port located in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.
As of September 2015, the city had an estimated population of 22,931 and a population density of 219 persons per km². The total area was 104.71 square kilometres (40.43 sq mi).
In the 1850s, Japan was in political crisis over its increasing inability to maintain its national seclusion policy and the issue of what relations, if any, it should have with foreign powers. For a few years, Shimoda was central to this debate.
Shimoda is located at the southern tip of the Izu peninsula about 100 kilometres southwest of Tokyo. Shimoda's location, with the Amagi Mountains to the north, and the warm Kuroshio Current to the south give the city a humid, sub-tropical climate.
Shimoda has been settled since prehistoric times, with numerous Jomon period remains found within city limits. It is mentioned in Nara period documents as the location to which Prince Ōtsu was exiled in 686 after his failed rebellion, and in Heian period documents in reference to its iron ore deposits. During the Sengoku period it was controlled by the Hōjō clan, who built a castle (later destroyed by Toyotomi Hideyoshi). Under the Tokugawa shogunate, Shimoda was tenryō territory directly administered by the Shogun. During the Edo period, Shimoda prospered as a seaport, and was a major port of call for coastal vessels travelling between Osaka and Edo. Until 1721, as a security measure, all vessels were obligated to call at Shimoda before proceeding on to Edo.
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