Sheridan Reserve Center
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Fort Sheridan Historic District
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Fort Sheridan water tower and barracks complex
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| Location | Fort Sheridan, Illinois |
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| Coordinates | 42°12′45″N 87°48′38″W / 42.21250°N 87.81056°WCoordinates: 42°12′45″N 87°48′38″W / 42.21250°N 87.81056°W |
| Built | 1889 |
| Architect | Holabird & Roche; Office of the Quartermaster General |
| NRHP Reference # | 80001379 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | September 29, 1980 |
| Designated NHL | April 20, 1984 |
The Philip H. Sheridan Reserve Center is the former Fort Sheridan now in Lake Forest, Highwood, and Highland Park in Lake County, Illinois, United States. It was originally established as a United States Army Post named after Civil War Cavalry General Philip Sheridan, to honor his services to Chicago. When the main fort was officially closed by the Army on May 3, 1993, the majority of the property was sold by the Department of Defense to commercial land developers. Most of the original housing structures were then refurbished and resold as a residential community. Other buildings were given to cultural organizations like Midwest Young Artists, the largest youth music program in the Midwest. Approximately 90 acres of the southern end of the original post were retained by the Army; there the Army now operates the Sheridan Reserve Center complex.
The Commercial Club of Chicago, concerned since 1877 with the need for a military garrison, was motivated by the Haymarket Riot in 1886 to arrange for the donation of 632 acres (2.6 km²) of land to the Federal Government for this purpose. Troops arrived in November 1887 to what was initially called Camp Highwood. A year later, Camp Highwood was renamed Fort Sheridan. Troops stationed at Fort Sheridan were used in 1894 to quell labor unrest during the Pullman Strike.
Fort Sheridan became a mobilization and training center beginning with the Spanish–American War in 1898. Following World War I, Fort Sheridan processed nearly 20,000 returning wounded soldiers and helped them return to civilian life through physical and occupational training reenter the workforce. During World War II, over 500,000 men and women were processed through military service. Many army officers who later became famous lived there, including George Patton and Jonathan Wainwright. The 174th Military Police Battalion of the Leavenworth, Kansas National Guard was stationed there in 1950. Fort Sheridan served as the base for supplying and servicing Nike antimissile systems in the upper Midwest from 1953 to 1973, at which point it returned to providing administrative and logistical support services.
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