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Septrin

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.svg
Trimethoprim (top) and sulfamethoxazole (bottom)
Combination of
Trimethoprim Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor
Sulfamethoxazole Sulfonamide antibiotic
Clinical data
Trade names Bactrim, Cotrim, Septra, others
Synonyms Co-trimoxazole (BAN UK)
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: C
  • US: D (Evidence of risk)
Routes of
administration
By mouth, intravenous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
ChEBI
  

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), also known as co-trimoxazole among other names, is an antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It consists of one part trimethoprim to five parts sulfamethoxazole. It is used for urinary tract infections, MRSA skin infections, travelers' diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, and cholera, among others. It may be used both to treat and prevent pneumocystis pneumonia in people with HIV/AIDS. It can be given by mouth or intravenously.

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, rash, and diarrhea. Severe allergic reactions and Clostridium difficile diarrhea may occasionally occur. Its use near the end of pregnancy is not recommended. It appears to be safe for use during breastfeeding as long as the baby is healthy. TMP/SMX generally results in bacterial death. It works by blocking the making of folate by the bacteria.

TMP/SMX was first sold in 1974. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. It is available as a generic medication and is not very expensive. In the United States it is about US$0.40 per dose.


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