Saturnia pavonia
| Small Emperor Moth Saturnia pavonia |
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| Emperor moth (male) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Saturniidae |
| Subfamily: | Saturniinae |
| Genus: | Saturnia |
| Species: | S. pavonia |
| Binomial name | |
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Saturnia pavonia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
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| Synonyms | |
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Eudia pavonia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
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Eudia pavonia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Pavonia pavonia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Phalaena pavonia Linnaeus, 1758
The Small Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavonia) is a moth of the family Saturniidae. Sometimes, the incorrect genus name Pavonia is still used for this species. This moth occurs throughout the Palearctic region and is the only member of its family to be found in the British Isles, where it is usually called simply the Emperor Moth.
The male has a wingspan of about 60 mm with brown and white forewings marked with red and orange fascia and a bold black and orange eye-spot. The hindwings are orange with a similar eye-spot. The female is larger (wingspan about 80 mm) but less brightly coloured than the male, being generally grey and white but has all wings marked with eye-spots similar to the male.
The male flies rapidly during the day from mid-April to late June looking for the rather sluggish females, which usually only fly at night. The species inhabits a range of habitats but is most often associated with heathland and moorland.
The caterpillar is black and orange at first, later becoming green with black rings and yellow and red spots. The commonest food plant is heather but the species has also been recorded feeding on a huge range of other plants (see list below). The species overwinters as a pupa within a fibrous cocoon.
Caterpillars and eggs
Younger caterpillar
Caterpillar
Older caterpillar and the start of pupation
Both sides of male specimen
Both sides of female specimen
S. pavonia larvae have been recorded feeding on Alchemilla, Alnus, Arbutus, Betula, Calluna, Cornus, Crataegus, Erica, Fagus, Filipendula, Fragaria, Fraxinus, Hippophae, Humulus, Juglans, Lythrum, Malus, Myrica gale, Pistacia,Populus, Potentilla, Prunus, Pyrus, Quercus, Rhamnus, Rosa, Rubus, Rumex, Salix, Sambucus, Schinus, Sorbus, Spiraea, Ulmus, Vaccinium.
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Wikipedia