Santa Maria Maior (Funchal)
| Santa Maria Maior | |
| Civil Parish | |
 The differentiated landscape of Madeira: the urbanized coastal buildings of Santa Maria Maior situated in a mountainous geography
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| Official name: Freguesia da Santa Maria Maior | |
| Name origin: Portuguese for Saint Mary the Great | |
| Country |  Portugal |
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| Region |  Madeira |
| Island | Madeira |
| Municipality | Funchal |
| Center | Santa Maria Maior |
| - elevation | 282 m (925 ft) |
| - coordinates | 32°39′38″N 16°53′29″W / 32.66056°N 16.89139°WCoordinates: 32°39′38″N 16°53′29″W / 32.66056°N 16.89139°W |
| Lowest point | |
| - elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Area | 4.86 km2 (2 sq mi) |
| Population | 13,352 (2011) |
| Density | 2,747/km2 (7,115/sq mi) |
| Settlement | c. 1425 |
| - Parish | 18 November 1557 |
| - Civil Parish | 25 April 1976 |
| LAU | Junta Freguesia |
| - location | Rua das Murteiras |
| President Junta | Alberto Rufino Fernandes Casimiro (PPD-PSD) |
| President Assembleia | Maria Antonina Mourato Talhinhas Teixeira (PPD-PSD) |
| Timezone | WET (UTC0) |
| - summer (DST) | WEST (UTC+1) |
| Postal Zone | 9060-199 |
| Area Code & Prefix | (+351) 291 XXX XXX |
| Patron Saint | Santa Maria |
 Location of the parish seat of Santa Maria Maior in the municipality of Funchal, island of Madeira
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Website: www |
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Santa Maria Maior (Portuguese meaning Saint Mary the Great) is a civil parish in the eastern part of the municipality of Funchal on the island of Madeira. The population in 2011 was 13,352, in an area of 4.86 km².
From the initial founding of Funchal, the island of Madeira was peppered with small settlements along the coasts near access to the sea. The settlement that would later take on the name of Santa Maria Maior developed spontaneously from the first homes constructed in 1425. This agglomeration extended from Ribeira do João Gomes until Corpo Santo, along the beachfront, and concentrated around a small temple constructed to the invocation of Santa Maria, or Santa Maria do Calhau as it was briefly known. Santa Maria do Calhau, constructed in 1430, served the congregations east of the bay of Funchal, and was also known as Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Baixo (English: Our Lady of the Conception), or simply Santa Maria Maior. The chapel was the seat of the parish of Santa Maria Maior until 1508, when the Church of the Sé Catedral was completed, and the parishioners were obligated to transfer there for services. Santa Maria Maior was the first parish to be instituted in Funchal. Its name was given, as some historians believe, because it was constructed in larger proportions than the chapel consecrated in the name of Nossa Senhora da Conceição ordered built by João Gonçalves Zarco (on the present site of the Church of Santa Clara). Zarco's chapel was known as Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Cima (meaning, geographically, top for its location), in opposition to Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Baixo (which means "bottom"), but referred to as Nossa Senhora do Calhau, because it was built on the coast (calhau is Portuguese for rock-covered beaches, typical of the Azores and Madeira).
The Church of Nossa Senhora do Calhau was destroyed, various times, by storm surges that battered the southern coast, eventually forcing many to concentrate in central Funchal, forming the central agglomeration of that municipality. Meanwhile, the construction of the Sé Catedral resulted in a dramatic population growth, and Santa Maria Maior lost its role as the parish seat to Sé. In 1557, Santa Maria Maior is divided into two individual parishes: Sé, seat in the Sé Cathedral and Santa Maria Maior, whose seat remained at the Church of Nossa Senhora do Calhau. On 18 November 1557, in accord with ecclesiastical authorities, the parish of Santa Maria Maior was established: its head was the vicar António Mourão.
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Wikipedia