San Trifone

San Trifone in Posterula was an ancient titular church of Rome, now lost. It was located at the corner of Via dei Portoghesi and Via della Scrofa, in the Campo Marzio rione of the city.

The church's dedication was to the martyr St. Tryphon, and it was apparently constructed in order to house his relics, which had previously been kept in a church outside the city walls. The name in posterula references its vicinity to the posterulæ (English: ), that is, the clandestine gates that the people of the city opened in the walls to access the Tiber.

The church was reputedly of ancient origins, dating to the eighth century.

The first thing known with certainty is that the church was rebuilt in 1006 with funds provided by John Crescentius, as this is recorded in a bull of Pope John XVIII. More than a hundred years later, in 1127, a bull of Pope Honorius II mentions a certain Leonardus as its archpresbyter, and another bull from 1222 names Angelus as a presbyter attached to the church. A series of bulls dated from 1181 until 1188 records a dispute between the church of San Trifone, along with San Salvatore de Sere, San Nicola de Praefectis, and San Biagio de Monte Acceptabili, against the monastery of Santa Maria in Campo Marzio.

Pope Honorius IV, with a decree of 20 February 1287, granted the church to the Order of Saint Augustine, who added to its original name that of their patron St. Augustine. The 1320 Catalogue of Turin attests that, at that time, the church was a papal chapel and housed twenty five Augustinian friars.

On 11 April 1424, the Augustinians solemnly transferred the relics of St. Monica, the mother of St. Augustine, from their original resting place in Ostia to the church.

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