Sambhaji
| Sambhaji Raje Bhosale | |
|---|---|
Sambhaji
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 2nd Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire
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| Reign | 16 January 1681 - 11 March 1689 |
| Coronation | 20 July 1680, Panhala or 16 January 1681, Raigad |
| Predecessor | Shivaji |
| Successor | Rajaram |
| Born |
May 14, 1657 Purandar Fort, near Pune, India |
| Died | March 11, 1689 (aged 31) Tulapur-Vadhu Dist. Pune, Maharashtra, India |
| Spouse | Yesubai |
| Issue | Bhavani Bai Shahu |
| Father | Shivaji |
| Mother | Saibai |
| Religion | Hinduism |
Sambhaji Bhosale (14 May 1657 – 11 March 1689) was the eldest son of Chhatrapati Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire, and his first wife Saibai. He was successor of the realm after his father's death. Sambhaji's rule was largely shaped by the ongoing wars between the Maratha kingdom and the Mughal Empire, as well as other neighbouring powers such as the Siddis, Mysore and the Portuguese in Goa. Sambhaji was captured, tortured, and executed by the Mughals, and succeeded by his brother Rajaram. The period of Chhatrapati Sambhaji Bhosale (1680-1689) is treated as later phase of shiv shahi in medieval India.
Sambhaji was born at Purandar fort to Saibai, Shivaji's first and favourite wife. His mother died when he was two and he was raised by his paternal grandmother Jijabai. At the age of nine, Sambhaji was sent to live with Raja Jai Singh of Amber, as a political hostage to ensure compliance of the Treaty of Purandar that Shivaji had signed with the Mughals on 11 June 1665. As a result of the treaty, Sambhaji became a Mughal sardar and served the Mughal court of Aurangzeb and the father and son duo fought along the Mughals against Bijapur. He and his father Shivaji presented themselves at Aurangzeb's court at Agra on 12 May 1666. Aurangzeb put both of them under house arrest but they escaped on 22 July 1666.
Sambhaji was married to Jivubai in a marriage of political alliance, and per Maratha custom she took the name Yesubai. Jivabai was the daughter of Pilajirao Shirke, who had entered Shivaji's service following the defeat of a powerful Deshmukh who was his previous patron. This marriage thus gave Shivaji access to the Konkan coastal belt.
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