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Saif ad-Din Qutuz

Saif ad-Din Qutuz
Sultan of Egypt
Reign November 1259 – 24 October 1260
Predecessor Al-Mansur Ali
Successor Baibars
Sultan of Syria
Reign September 1260 – 24 October 1260
Successor Baibars
Born 2 November ?
Died 24 October 1260
Salihiyah ()
Burial Cairo
Full name
al-Malik al-Muzaffar Saif ad-Din Qutuz
Dynasty Bahri
Religion Islam
Full name
al-Malik al-Muzaffar Saif ad-Din Qutuz

Saif ad-Din Qutuz (Arabic: سيف الدين قطز‎‎; d. 24 October 1260), also romanized as Kutuz, Kotuz, and fully al-Malik al-Muzaffar Saif ad-Din Qutuz (الملك المظفر سيف الدين قطز), was the third or fourth of the Mamluk Sultans of Egypt in the Turkic line from 1259 until his death in 1260. It was under his leadership that the Mamluks achieved success against the Mongols in the key Battle of Ain Jalut. Qutuz was assassinated by a fellow Mamluk leader, Baibars, on the triumphant return journey to Cairo. Although Qutuz's reign was short, he was one of the most popular Mamluk sultans in the Islamic world and holds one of the highest positions in Islamic history.

Qutuz was of Turkic origin. Captured by the Mongols and sold as a slave, he traveled to Syria where he was sold to an Egyptian slave merchant who then sold him to Aybak, the Mamluk sultan in Cairo. According to some sources, Qutuz claimed that his original name was Mahmud ibn Mamdud and he was descended from Ala ad-Din Muhammad II, a ruler of the Khwarezmian Empire.

He became the most prominent Mu'izi Mamluk of Sultan Aybak and he became his vice-Sultan in 1253. Aybak was assassinated in 1257 and Qutuz remained vice-Sultan for Aybak's son al-Mansur Ali. Qutuz led the Mu'izi Mamluks who arrested Aybak's widow Shajar al-Durr and installed al-Mansur Ali as the new Sultan of Egypt. In November 1257 and April 1258 he defeated raids of the forces of al-Malik al-Mughith of Al Karak which were supported by the Bahriyya Mamluks and included Shahrzuri Kurds. The raids caused a dispute among the Bahriyya Mamluks in Al Karak as some of them wanted to support their followers in Egypt.


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