Russian battleship Poltava (1911)
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| History | |
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 Russian Empire
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| Name: | Poltava |
| Namesake: | Battle of Poltava |
| Operator: | Imperial Russian Navy |
| Builder: | Admiralty Shipyard, Saint Petersburg |
| Laid down: | 16 June 1909 |
| Launched: | 23 July 1911 |
| In service: | 30 December 1914 |
 Soviet Union
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| Name: | Frunze |
| Namesake: | Mikhail Frunze |
| Operator: | Soviet Navy |
| Acquired: | 1917 |
| Decommissioned: | October 1918 |
| Renamed: | 7 January 1926 |
| Struck: | 1 December 1940 |
| Fate: | Scrapped from 1949 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | Gangut-class battleship |
| Displacement: | 24,800 tonnes (24,400 long tons; 27,300 short tons) |
| Length: | 181.2 m (594 ft) |
| Beam: | 26.9 m (88 ft) |
| Draft: | 8.99 m (29.5 ft) |
| Propulsion: |
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| Speed: | 24.1 knots (44.6 km/h; 27.7 mph) (on trials) |
| Range: | 3,200 nautical miles (5,900 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) |
| Complement: | 1,149 |
| Armament: |
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Poltava (renamed Frunze in 1926) was the second of the Gangut-class battleships of the Imperial Russian Navy built before World War I. The Ganguts were the first class of Russian dreadnoughts. She was named after the Russian victory over Charles XII of Sweden in the Battle of Poltava in 1709. She was completed during the winter of 1914–15, but was not ready for combat until mid-1915. Her role was to defend the mouth of the Gulf of Finland against the Germans, who never tried to enter, so she spent her time training and providing cover for mine laying operations. She was laid up in 1918 for lack of trained crew and suffered a devastating fire the following year that almost gutted her. Many proposals were made to reconstruct or modernize her in different ways for the next twenty years, but none were carried out. While all this was being discussed she served as source of spare parts for her sister ships and was used as a barracks ship. She was finally struck from the Navy List in 1940 and scrapping began at a very leisurely rate. She was intentionally grounded in late 1941 to prevent her from being sunk in some inconvenient location by the Germans. She was refloated in 1944 and scrapped beginning in 1949.
Poltava was 180 meters (590 ft) long at the waterline and 181.2 meters (594 ft) long overall. She had a beam of 26.9 meters (88 ft) and a draft of 8.99 meters (29.5 ft), 49 centimeters (1.61 ft) more than designed. Her displacement was 24,800 tonnes (24,400 long tons; 27,300 short tons) at load, over 1,500 t (1,500 long tons; 1,700 short tons) more than her designed displacement of 23,288 t (22,920 long tons; 25,671 short tons).
Poltava's machinery was built by the Franco-Russian Works. Ten Parsons steam turbines drove the four propellers. The engine rooms were located between turrets three and four in three transverse compartments. The outer compartments each had a high-pressure ahead and reverse turbine for each wing propeller shaft. The central engine room had two each low-pressure ahead and astern turbines as well as two cruising turbines driving the two centre shafts. The engines had a total designed output of 42,000 shaft horsepower (31,319 kW), but they produced 52,000 shp (38,776 kW) during Poltava's full-speed trials on 21 November 1915 and gave a top speed of 24.1 knots (44.6 km/h; 27.7 mph). Twenty-five Yarrow Admiralty-type small-tube boilers provided steam to the engines at a designed working pressure of 17.5 standard atmospheres (1,770 kPa; 257 psi). Each boiler was fitted with Thornycroft oil sprayers for mixed oil/coal burning. They were arranged in two groups. The forward group consisted of two boiler rooms in front of the second turret, the foremost of which had three boilers while the second one had six. The rear group was between the second and third turrets and comprised two compartments, each with eight boilers. At full load she carried 1,847.5 long tons (1,877.1 t) of coal and 700 long tons (710 t) of fuel oil and that provided her a range of 3,500 nautical miles (6,500 km) at a speed of 10 knots (19 km/h).
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