Russian battleship Imperatritsa Ekaterina Velikaya
Imperatritsa Ekaterina Velikaya
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| History | |
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 Russian Empire
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| Name: | Ekaterina II |
| Namesake: | Catherine the Great |
| Operator: | Imperial Russian Navy |
| Builder: | ONZiV Shipyard, Nikolayev |
| Laid down: | 30 October 1911 |
| Launched: | 6 June 1914 |
| Commissioned: | 18 October 1915 |
| Renamed: |
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.svg){kind=small} Russian SFSR
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| Name: | Svobodnaya Rossiia (Free Russia) |
| Operator: | Red Fleet |
| Acquired: | November 1917 |
| Fate: | Scuttled 18 June 1918 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | Imperatritsa Mariya-class battleship |
| Displacement: | 24,644 long tons (25,039 t) |
| Length: | 167.8 m (550 ft 6 in) |
| Beam: | 28.07 m (92 ft 1 in) |
| Draft: | 8.7 m (28 ft 7 in) |
| Installed power: | 27,000 shp (20,000 kW) |
| Propulsion: | 4 shafts, 4 steam turbines, 20 Yarrow water-tube boilers |
| Speed: | 21 knots (39 km/h; 24 mph) |
| Range: | 1,680 nautical miles (3,110 km; 1,930 mi) at 21 knots (39 km/h; 24 mph) |
| Complement: | 1,154 |
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The Imperatritsa Ekaterina Velikaya (Russian: Императрица Екатерина Великая, or Empress Catherine the Great) was the second ship of the Imperatritsa Mariya-class dreadnoughts of the Imperial Russian Navy. She was begun before World War I, completed in 1915 and saw service with the Black Sea Fleet. She engaged the ex-German battlecruiser Yavuz once, but only inflicted splinter damage while taking no damage herself. She was renamed Svobodnaya Rossiya (Russian: Свободная Россия, Free Russia) after the February Revolution, but saw no further combat. She was evacuated from Sevastopol as the Germans approached in May 1918, but was scuttled in Novorossiysk harbor the following month when the Germans demanded that the Soviets hand her over according to the terms of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
Imperatritsa Ekaterina Velikaya was slightly larger than her half-sisters. She was 167.8 meters (550 ft 6 in) long at the waterline and had a beam of 28.07 meters (92 ft 1 in); 4 feet 10 inches (1.47 m) longer and 2 feet (0.6 m) wider than her half sisters. Her exact draft is not known, but she had a draft of 8.7 meters (28 ft 7 in) on trials. Her displacement was 24,644 long tons (25,039 t) at load, over 900 long tons (910 t) more than her designed displacement of 23,783 long tons (24,165 t). The first ship of the class, Imperatritsa Mariya, had proved to be very bow heavy in service and tended to ship large amounts of water through her forward casemates. The ammunition for Imperatritsa Ekaterina Velikaya's forward 12-inch guns was reduced from 100 to 70 rounds each while the forward 130 mm ammunition was reduced from 245 to 100 rounds per gun in an attempt to compensate for her . This sufficed as Imperatritsa Ekaterina Velikaya's longer length meant that she was less affected by the trim problem to begin with.
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