The Russian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Russia is the sui iuris Eastern Catholic jurisdiction of the Catholic church for Russian language Byzantine Rite pastoral in Russia.
It is one of only two components of the dormant Russian Greek Catholic Church, its only sister being the Russian Apostolic Exarchate of Harbin in China, also vacant for decades.
It was established as an Apostolic exarchate (Eastern Catholic equivalent of a Apostolic vicariate; hence exempt, i.e. directly subject to the Holy See, not part of any ecclesiastical province) in 1917, on territory previously exclusively belonging to the Latin Metropolitan Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Mohilev.
It is vacant since 1951, having had only two incumbents, both belonging to the Ukrainian Studite Monks (M.S.U., a Ukrainian Catholic Church monastic order) :