Rudolf II, Duke of Austria
| Rudolf II | |
|---|---|
| Duke of Austria | |
| Reign | 1282 – 1283 |
| Predecessor | Rudolf I of Germany |
| Successor | Albert I of Germany |
| Spouse(s) | Agnes of Bohemia |
| Issue | |
| Father | Rudolf I of Germany |
| Mother | Gertrude of Hohenburg |
| Born | 1270 Rheinfelden, Swabia |
| Died | 10 May 1290 Prague, Bohemia |
| Buried | St. Vitus Cathedral, Prague |
Rudolf II (1270 – May 10, 1290), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1282 to 1283, jointly with his elder brother Albert I, who succeeded him.
Rudolf II was born in Rheinfelden, the youngest son of Count Rudolf of Habsburg and his first wife Gertrude of Hohenburg to survive infancy. In 1273 his father was elected King of the Romans, the first of the Habsburg dynasty, whereafter he seized the "princeless" duchies of Austria, Styria and Carinthia from the Bohemian king Ottokar II.
After King Ottokar was defeated and killed in the 1278 Battle on the Marchfeld, King Rudolf in December 1282 vested his sons Albert and Rudolf II with the Austrian and Styrian duchies. However, in the Treaty of Rheinfelden on June 1, 1283 Rudolph II had to relinquish his share in favour of his elder brother Albert. In compensation Rudolf was designated as future King of the Romans and his father appointed him a "Duke of Swabia" - more or less an honorific title, as the former stem duchy had been in long-term disarray after the last Hohenstaufen duke, the underage Conradin, was killed in 1268. In Swabia the former Counts of Habsburg only held various smaller home territories, later summed up as Further Austria, of which Rudolph II never actually got hold.
In the course of the reconciliation process with the Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty, Rudolf II in 1289 married Agnes of Bohemia (1269-1296), daughter of late King Ottokar II. They had one son John of Swabia. Rudolf II died suddenly at the age of 20 in Prague, where he stayed at the court of his brother-in-law King Wenceslaus II, who had married his sister Judith of Habsburg. In the same year his son was born.
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