Royal Audiencia and Chancillería of Valladolid

The Royal Audiencia and Chancellería of Valladolid was a judicial body established by Henry II of Castile in 1371, with jurisdiction over entire territory of the Crown of Castile, except for the characteristics of the Hall of Justice (also called Mil y Quinientas) of the Castile's Council. The building was originally called El Palacio de los Vivero.

It was based in the city of Valladolid, worked for much of the Middle Ages and throughout Early Modern Ages as the highest court of law the kingdom, and was suppressed in 1834 as a result of the Liberalism's definitive implementation.

At the end of 15th-century lost part of its jurisdiction to be created the Real Audiencia y Chancillería de Ciudad Real, which was finally transferred to Granada, with the creation of the Real Chancillería de Granada in 1505.

Henry II established an audiencia to administer justice at the request of the Cortes of Toro, convened in 1371 by the king himself. The audiencia consisted of eight oidores (or jueces letrados, "learned judges"), two prelates and the chancellors of justice, who were in charge of sealing documents. (Compare to the British Lord Chancellor.) John I of Castile applied the term chancillería (a court of last resort, not to be confused with a chancellery) in 1387 to these audiencias. By this time Valladolid Chancillería had come to consist of a governor (or regent), sixteen oidores (or "civil-case judges"), three alcaldes del crimen, grouped into four civil chambers, one criminal and one for cases among hidalgos and nobles. The rulings of the Chacillería were irrevocable, although a very grave case could be reviewed by the Council of Castile.

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