Sir Robert Romer, GCB, FRS (23 December 1840 – 19 March 1918) was a British jurist. He was a High Court judge 1890-1899, and a Lord Justice of Appeal 1899-1906 when he was known as Lord Justice Romer.
Romer attended St John's School, Leatherhead and Trinity Hall, Cambridge where he was Senior Wrangler in 1863 and also won the Smith's Prize in that year. From 1865 to 1866 he was a professor of mathematics at Queen's College, Cork, but was called to the bar in 1867. He became QC in 1881, and a bencher of Lincoln's Inn in 1884.
In 1890 he was appointed High Court judge and assigned to the Chancery Division, receiving the customary knighthood. He served as such until 1899, when he was appointed a Lord Justice of Appeal. He resigned in 1906.
Romer was sworn a Privy Councillor in 1899, and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in the same year. He was appointed Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) in the New Year Honours list 1 January 1901, and was invested by King Edward VII in February the same year.
He was a member of the Royal Commission on South African Hospitals in 1901, during the Boer War. He was a member of the Royal Commission on University Education in London in 1909.