Rita Blanca National Grassland
| Rita Blanca National Grassland | |
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IUCN category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources)
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| Location | Dallam County, Texas and Cimarron County, Oklahoma, United States |
| Nearest city | Dalhart, Texas |
| Coordinates | 36°26′02″N 102°36′00″W / 36.434°N 102.6°WCoordinates: 36°26′02″N 102°36′00″W / 36.434°N 102.6°W |
| Area | 92,989 acres (376.31 km2) |
| Governing body | U.S. Forest Service |
| Website | Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands |
Rita Blanca National Grassland is a National Grassland on the Great Plains. It is located near the community of Texline in northwest Dallam County, Texas, in the Texas Panhandle, and in southern Cimarron County, Oklahoma, in the western Oklahoma Panhandle. The principal city in the area is Dalhart, Texas, which houses the XIT Museum.
The name Rita Blanca (Little White River) was applied to a stream by Spanish sheepherders in the 19th Century, It was later used by the XIT ranch and has been applied to other geographic features in the vicinity.
Both Rita Blanca National Grassland and Kiowa National Grassland (KNG), farther west in New Mexico, are the result of the Dust Bowl of the 1930s. The Dust Bowl experience had shown the U. S. Government that climatic challenges made total conversion of the Great Plains to agriculture not only infeasible but undesirable. The.National Industrial Act and Emergency Relief Appropriations Act, which passed Congress in 1933 and 1935, gave the federal government authority to buy failed cropland, and the Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act of 1937 gave authority to transfer about 3,850,000 acres (15,600 km2) to the Soil Conservation Service to somehow restore the eroded soil and to protect the grasslands. In 1960, Congress approved the creation of KNG and RBNG.
The elevation of Rita Blanca National Grassland (RBNG) ranges from a high of 4,700 feet (1,400 m)] in northwestern Cimarron County, Oklahoma to a low of 3,700 feet (1,100 m) in southeastern Dallam County, Texas. It is not a solid block of protected land, but rather several small blocks of U.S. Forest Service owned native prairie grasslands, interspersed with privately owned property. The area is classed as semi-arid, and serves as habitat for pronghorn, rabbits, prairie dogs, coyotes and predatory birds.. Vegetation is primarily shortgrass. It has a land area of 92,989 acres (376.31 km2). The greater part, 77,463 acres (313.48 km2) is in Texas, and the balance 15,860 acres (64.2 km2) is in Oklahoma.
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Wikipedia