Rio Turvo State Park
| Rio Turvo State Park | |
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| Parque Estadual Rio Turvo | |
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IUCN category II (national park)
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| Nearest city | Barra do Turvo, São Paulo |
| Coordinates | 24°51′46″S 48°17′14″W / 24.862873°S 48.287228°WCoordinates: 24°51′46″S 48°17′14″W / 24.862873°S 48.287228°W |
| Area | 73,893.87 hectares (182,595.7 acres) |
| Designation | State park |
| Created | 21 February 2008 |
| Administrator | Fundação Florestal SP |
The Rio Turvo State Park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual Rio Turvo) is a state park in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It protects an area of Atlantic Forest. A man's skeleton from 9,000 years ago was found in the park area in 1999.
The Rio Turvo State Park is in the municipalities of Barra do Turvo (69.93%), Cajati (16.45%) and Jacupiranga (13.62%) of São Paulo. It has an area of 73,893.87 hectares (182,595.7 acres). Several communities of traditional populations live in the area around the park.
The Rio Turvo State Park was one of several conservation units created by state law 12.810 of 21 February 2008, in which the Jacupiranga Mosaic was created from the former Jacupiranga State Park and its surrounding lands. By 2012 about 11,000 people were visiting the park each year. On 28 November 2012 the park officially opened a Thematic Exhibition Center at the Capelinha Center. The building cost about RS$639,800, using funds provided in compensation for construction of a toll road in the area.
The Rio Turvo State Park is in the Ribeira de Iguape River basin. The park is named after the Turvo River, one of the main tributaries of the Ribeira de Iguape. The river has several waterfalls and rapids along its course. Altitudes are 600 to 2,000 metres (2,000 to 6,600 ft). The park is in the Atlantic Forest biome. The vegetation is dense montane rainforest in various stages of regeneration, always green, with many epiphytes. It has a uniform canopy of about 20 metres (66 ft) with emergent trees up to 40 metres (130 ft). There are some areas of transition to cultivated areas with small settlements in capoeira areas. Flora include Cinnamon, Euterpe edulis, Ficus, Syagrus romanzoffiana and Araucaria angustifolia. There is a diverse fauna of invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Endangered species include the vinaceous-breasted amazon (Amazona vinacea) and jaguar (Panthera onca).
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