Richard Challoner
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The Right Reverend Richard Challoner |
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|---|---|
| Vicar Apostolic of the London District | |
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| Appointed | 12 September 1739 (co-adjutor) |
| Installed | 22 September 1758 |
| Term ended | 12 January 1781 |
| Predecessor | Benjamin Petre |
| Successor | James Robert Talbot |
| Other posts | Titular Bishop of Doberus |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 28 March 1716 |
| Consecration | 29 January 1741 by Benjamin Petre |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
29 August 1691 Lewes, Sussex |
| Died | 12 January 1781 (aged 89) Gloucester Street, off Queen Square, London |
| Buried | (1) Milton, Berkshire (2) Westminster Cathedral |
| Nationality | English |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
His Excellency, The Right Reverend Bishop Richard Challoner, Bishop of Debra (29 September 1691 – 12 January 1781) was an English Roman Catholic bishop, a leading figure of English Catholicism during the greater part of the 18th century. He is perhaps most famous for his revision of the Douay–Rheims translation of the Bible.
Challoner was born in Lewes, Sussex on 29 September 1691. His father, also Richard Challoner, was married by licence granted on 17 January, either 1690 or 1691, to Grace (née Willard) at Ringmer, Sussex on 10 February. After the death of his father, who was a Presbyterian winecooper (wine-barrel maker), his mother, now reduced to poverty, became housekeeper to the Catholic Gage family, at Firle, Sussex. It is not known for sure whether she was originally a Roman Catholic, or whether she subsequently became one under the influence of a Catholic household and surroundings.
In any case, thus it came about that Richard was brought up as a Catholic, although he was not baptized a Roman Catholic until he was about thirteen years old. This was at Warkworth, Northamptonshire, seat of the recusant Roman Catholic family, that of George Holman, whose wife, Lady Anastasia Holman, was a daughter of Blessed William Howard, 1st Viscount Stafford, a Catholic unjustly condemned and beheaded in the Titus Oates hysteria of 1678.
In 1705 young Richard was sent to the English College at Douai (France) on a sort of scholarship, entering the English College on 29 July. He was to spend the next twenty-five years there, first as student, then as professor, and as vice-president of the university of Douai. At the age of twenty-one he was chosen to teach the classes of rhetoric and poetry, which were the two senior classes in the humanities.
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